MATTHEW

MATTHEW 1

THE SIGNIFICANT ANCESTRY OF JESUS + HIS LONG-AWAITED BIRTH  

Matthew records the genealogy of Jesus, connecting Him with multiple Old Testament leaders. Starting with Abraham, whom God chose to make a great nation that would bless the Israelite people (Genesis 12). Matthew also includes that Jesus was from the tribe of Judah, which fulfilled Jacob’s blessing over Judah (Genesis 49).

It is notable that Matthew included women in the genealogy, which was uncommon for this time period. Matthew specifically includes Rahab, a prostitute who helped the Israelite spies (Joshua 2) and Ruth, a non-Israelite woman who turned toward God in faith. In God’s plan to send Jesus, He used unlikely people, including foreigners, non-believers, and people with scandalous pasts.

Another significant aspect of this genealogy is the relationship between David and Jesus. As a descendant of David, Jesus fulfilled God’s promise to David that an eternal throne would be established from his line (2 Samuel 7).

Between the time of Abraham and David, there were fourteen generations recorded. From David until the Babylonian captivity, there were fourteen generations recorded. After the captivity, until the birth of Jesus, there were fourteen more generations, recording forty-two generations between Abraham and Jesus. Matthew's genealogy establishes Jesus as the long-awaited Messiah and emphasizes the continuity of God's plan throughout history.

God chooses Mary and Joseph, both from the lineage of David, to be the earthly parents of Jesus. When Mary is told that she will conceive a child through the Holy Spirit, she is a young virgin woman engaged to be married to Joseph. Joseph is alarmed by the news of Mary’s pregnancy and wants to quietly divorce her. In this time, it was common for an engagement or betrothal to be legally binding, so Joseph could not simply leave Mary.

An angel then appears to Joseph and explains that Mary will give birth to a Son conceived by the Holy Spirit who will be named Jesus. Mary’s Son will save God’s people from their sins and will be called Immanuel, meaning “God with us.” Joseph is obedient to the angel and marries Mary, who soon gave birth to a Son named Jesus, fulfilling Isaiah 7:14.

MATTHEW 2

THE WISE MEN VISITED JESUS + HEROD PLOTTED EVIL SCHEMES

During this time, Herod is king of Judea. After seeing a bright star, a group of wise men, possibly astrologers or dream interpreters, go to King Herod. Believing the star is an indication of the birth of Jesus, the wise men ask King Herod where Jesus is and refer to Him as “King of the Jews.” When Herod asks the chief priests and teachers of the law, they quote the prophet Micah’s prophecy that the Savior would be born in Bethlehem (Micah 5:2).

King Herod is angered and alarmed by this news. Wanting to know the exact location of Jesus, King Herod sends the wise men to Jerusalem and orders them to report back. King Herod acts as though he also wants to worship Jesus, but in reality, he was plotting to have Him killed.

Another star appears, leading the wise men to Jesus in Jerusalem. The wise men respond with great joy upon seeing the star and make their way to Jesus. When they reach Him, they worship Him and give Him gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh.

Before their departure, the wise men have a dream that warns them against returning to King Herod, so they go another route.

Soon after their departure, Joseph is visited by an angel who instructs them to flee to Egypt. King Herod plotted to kill Jesus, and they need to leave Jerusalem for protection. This relocation to Egypt fulfills the prophecy of Hosea, who said that God will call His Son out of Egypt (Hosea 11:1). God provided for the Israelites in Egypt (Exodus 12), and now God will use Egypt as a refuge for Jesus!

After realizing that the wise men were not returning to him, King Herod is furious and kills all the boys under two years old who were born in Bethlehem, attempting to take out Jesus. This fulfilled the prophecy of Jeremiah, who said there would be lamentation and bitter weeping over the loss of children (Jeremiah 31:15).

After the death of Herod, an angel appears to Joseph, letting him know it is safe to return to Israel with his family. Instead of returning to Jerusalem, they return to the city of Nazareth in the district of Galilee.

MATTHEW 3

THE MINISTRY OF JOHN THE BAPTIST + THE BAPTISM OF JESUS 

A man named John, frequently referred to as John the Baptist or John the Baptizer, begins to prepare the way for Jesus to start His earthly ministry. John calls the people to repent, highlighting the nearness of Jesus by saying that the kingdom of heaven is at hand. John knows that God has sent a Savior and wants to prepare people to follow Jesus. John quotes the prophet Isaiah, saying he has come to prepare the way for the Lord and make His paths straight (Isaiah 40:3).

John the Baptist is described as wearing garments of camel hair and a leather belt around his waist. He was also known for eating honey and locusts, although it is debated whether the locusts were insects or if he ate from the pods of Carob trees, often called locusts, that contained sweet edible pulp.

John tells of the arrival of Jesus and many people follow Jesus as the Messiah before His death and resurrection. John preaches by the Jordan River and many people from Jerusalem and Judea listen to him, confess their sins, and are baptized. Baptism is an outward expression and a physical, public declaration of the inward decision to trust in Jesus as the Savior, made in response to salvation.

Some of the religious leaders of the time, called Sadducees and Pharisees, arrive at the Jordan. These leaders are known for their skepticism and legalistic view of the law. John is angry with them, calling them out for their pompous religiosity. It is not their ancestry or status that matters to God, but their hearts of repentance.

John says that the one who is coming after him, Jesus, is far greater and mightier. In comparison, John says he is unworthy to even carry the shoes of Jesus. John states that Jesus will clear the threshing floor and gather His wheat. Those who trust God’s plan and follow Jesus, symbolized as wheat in this analogy, will be set apart as believers of Christ.

Jesus travels from Galilee to be baptized by John the Baptist in the Jordan River. John objects, telling Jesus that he should be the one to be baptized instead. Jesus is persistent and John baptizes Him as He requested. When Jesus comes out of the waters, the skies open up revealing God’s Spirit descending on Jesus like a dove. Along with the Holy Spirit, the voice of God, says “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.” God the Father, Jesus the Son, and the Holy Spirit are all present in unison at the baptism of Jesus!

MATTHEW 4

JESUS TEMPTED BY THE DEVIL IN THE WILDERNESS

After being baptized, Jesus is led by the Holy Spirit into the wilderness where He fasts for forty days and forty nights. The devil, also called Satan, the enemy, the tempter, or the accuser, comes to Jesus to challenge Him.

Attempting to provoke Jesus and take advantage of His hunger, the devil questions Jesus’ ability to turn stone into bread. Jesus responds to the test of the enemy by quoting Scripture, saying that “Man shall not live on bread alone, but by every word that comes from the mouth of God” (Deuteronomy 8:3).

The devil takes Jesus to Jerusalem and places Him on the highest point of the temple. Again the devil attempts to provoke Jesus, this time questioning His trust in God’s saving power. Quoting Psalm 91:11, the devil tells Jesus to throw Himself off the temple, for surely “God will send his angels concerning you.” Jesus responds, also quoting Scripture, saying that He will not put God to the test (Deuteronomy 6:16).

Jesus is able to combat the enemy’s attacks because of His knowledge of Scripture. It is important to note that the devil also knows Scripture and distorts it to challenge Jesus.

Both the enemy's attacks started with the phrase “If you are the Son of God…” bringing the identity and character of Jesus into question. One of the greatest strategies of the enemy is causing confusion and attacking identity.

The devil then takes Jesus to the mountain overlooking the kingdoms. Satan offers to give Jesus all the land and all their glory if Jesus will bow down and worship him. Once again, Jesus quotes Scripture, saying that He will worship God alone and only serve Him (Deuteronomy 6:13). Jesus knows that Satan was offering something that wasn’t his to give!

When Jesus declares His faithfulness to God, the devil leaves and angels come to care for Jesus. After His time in the wilderness, Jesus leaves Nazareth and lives near Capernaum. Jesus starts His ministry in Capernaum, fulfilling Isaiah 9:1-2, which says that Jesus would serve as a bright light among the people of the land near Galilee.

Along the Sea of Galilee, Jesus calls His first two disciples, Andrew and Simon. These two men are fishing, casting their nets outside their boats. Jesus tells them that they will no longer be fishermen but fishers of men, foreshadowing their spreading of the Gospel message.

Jesus performs miracles, healing the sick and afflicted. Because of His spectacular abilities, the news of Jesus spreads and attracts great crowds. People from all over come to Jesus for help and healing.

Matthew 4:17 – From that time Jesus began to preach, saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.”

MATTHEW 5

JESUS SHARES THE SERMON ON THE MOUNT

Up on a mountain with His disciples, Jesus shares a message that contains His most well-known teachings and principles, commonly known as the Sermon on the Mount. Jesus starts His mountain message by sharing a list of blessings, called “beatitudes” (derived from the Latin word “beatus,” meaning “blessed”).

The blessings of Jesus highlight the upside-down nature of God’s kingdom, reversing the roles established on earth. Jesus shares that those who are poor in spirit will inherit the kingdom of heaven, those who mourn will be comforted, and the pure in heart will see God.

Jesus teaches that His followers are to be the salt of the Earth, a substance typically used for preserving foods and keeping them fresh. Jesus also calls His people to be like a light on a lampstand, giving glory to God in heaven for all to see. Jesus’s followers are called to preserve righteousness and bring honor to God.

Jesus clarifies that He has not come to abolish the Law, but to fulfill the Law. Jesus does not lower the standard for righteousness, but instead serves as a way for people to have a relationship with God despite their unrighteousness.

Jesus teaches against kindling anger and holding grudges, comparing them to murder of the heart. Similarly, Jesus teaches against lust, comparing lustful intent to adultery of the heart. These two illustrations show that Jesus cares about both actions and intentions.

Jesus warns against divorce, except in cases of unfaithfulness. Continuing His teaching on faithfulness, Jesus also advises against making careless oaths and vows, emphasizing the importance of truthful speech.

In His teaching, Jesus references Leviticus 24 and the idea of equal consequences, or “an eye for an eye.” Although this law appears fair, Jesus calls for His followers to resist retaliation and instead turn the other cheek or go the extra mile. Jesus operates from an economy of abundance, showing generosity and grace to those who do not deserve it.

Jesus encourages His disciples to love their enemies and pray for those who persecute them. Much later, when Jesus is on the cross, He lives out this message by asking God to forgive those who persecuted Him and caused His cruel death (Luke 23:34).

In the last verse of the chapter, Jesus says that “you must be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect.” God requires perfection, but because Jesus was the perfect, sinless sacrifice, His followers have access to God and have been made righteous before God.

MATTHEW 6

JESUS SHARES THE SERMON ON THE MOUNT

Jesus instructs His disciples to give to those in need, specifically in a private, humble way. Instead of giving to the poor to be seen doing good, they should give because they want to do good and help others. Religious people in the synagogues often sound trumpets upon doing good to be noticed, but the followers of Jesus will be rewarded in heaven for their private deeds of generosity. Similar to giving privately, Jesus instructs fasting in private, for only God to know.

Jesus teaches the disciples to pray personal, honest prayers. Addressing God as Father, Jesus provides an example of how to pray. Jesus honors God’s holy name and asks the Father for His will to be accomplished, on earth as it is in heaven. Throughout His prayer, Jesus models asking for provision, forgiveness, and wisdom.

Advising people to store up treasures in heaven rather than physical possessions on earth, Jesus explains that treasures in heaven cannot be stolen or destroyed in the way personal possessions can, instead they are eternal treasures, more precious than anything on earth. Jesus teaches that wherever your treasure is, your heart will also be, providing warning and guidance to focus on eternal and spiritual matters.

Jesus encourages trust in God's provision and warns against excessive worry about material needs. God provides food for the birds and beauty for the lilies, but cares far more for His people and will provide far more for them. God knows the needs of His people and will provide when they seek His righteousness. Jesus acknowledges the anxiety of humanity and does not dismiss the troubles of the world, but invites them into greater peace and rest.

MATTHEW 7

JESUS SHARES THE SERMON ON THE MOUNT 

Jesus instructs His followers not to judge others, because they have not been condemned. Using the imagery of a large log and a small speck, Jesus teaches to examine the sin in one's own life before pointing out the sin of others. Using the image of throwing pearls before pigs, Jesus warns against throwing away valuable wisdom or insight on those who will not be receptive.

Reminding His disciples of the generosity and goodness of God, Jesus encourages persistence in prayer, emphasizing that God will respond to those who ask, seek, and knock. God desires to give good gifts to His children who come to Him for provision.

Jesus teaches the Golden Rule, emphasizing the importance of treating others as you would like to be treated. In His message, Jesus compares two gates, contrasting the narrow gate that leads to life and the wide gate that leads to destruction. Many will follow their own way and trust in empty promises that lead to deception, but those who follow Jesus will find eternal life.

Describing that a tree is known by its fruit, Jesus explains you can either be a good tree producing good fruit or a bad tree producing bad fruit. Warning against false prophets, Jesus instructs the disciples to watch out for wolves in sheep’s clothing.

Jesus explains that not everyone will enter the kingdom of heaven, only those who have a relationship with God. This message of Jesus highlights God’s desire for genuine, heart-level connection with His people.

Jesus compares two houses, a sturdy home built on rock foundation and another house that was built upon sand. When a flood comes, the house with the firm foundation stands, but the house upon the sand is destroyed. Everyone who follows the teachings of Jesus will have a firm, lasting foundation.

When Jesus finishes speaking, the crowd is astonished with His teaching, knowing that He spoke with the authority of God.

MATTHEW 8

JESUS HEALS THE SICK + CASTS OUT DEMONS

After speaking on the mountain, Jesus performs the miraculous act of healing a man with leprosy by reaching out and touching the man with the infectious disease. The man had faith in the abilities of Jesus, saying “Lord, if you will, you can make me clean.” Wanting to remain discreet, Jesus asks the man to remain quiet regarding the source of his healing.

When Jesus entered Capernaum, a centurion or Roman military leader came to Jesus asking Him to heal his paralyzed servant. Jesus agrees to see the servant, but the centurion says he is not worthy of having Jesus enter his home and knows that Jesus could perform miracles from afar. Amazed by the faith of the Roman soldier, a non-Jewish man, Jesus immediately heals the paralyzed man.

Jesus is able to perform many miracles, including casting out demonic spirits and healing the sick. Jesus cures Simon’s mother-in-law who was ill with a high fever. Jesus fulfills the message of Isaiah 53:4, that He will remove grief and take away illness.

Jesus calls His followers into a life of surrender and selflessness. He tells a man who wants to bury his father before following Him that “the dead will bury the dead,” pointing to the spiritual death of those who did not follow Jesus.

When the disciples are on a boat with Jesus, a great storm comes, but Jesus remains asleep. The disciples wake Him, begging Him to save them from crashing or drowning. Jesus questions them, asking why they had little faith and why they are afraid. Jesus rebukes the wind and the waves, and the sea becomes calm. The men marvel at Jesus, realizing even the weather follows His commands!

Jesus heals two men who were possessed with demonic spirits, casting the spirits into a group of pigs. When the men were freed from the spirit, the pigs ran into the sea and drowned, showing the intensity and severity of the demonic spirit. Other men within the city go to see Jesus, and pressure Him to leave their city.

MATTHEW 9

JESUS HEALS THE SICK + GIVES SIGHT TO THE BLIND

While Jesus is teaching, a few men carry their paralyzed friend to see Jesus for healing. The men firmly believe in the healing power of Jesus and are desperate to get near Him. Jesus sees the faith of the men and tells the paralyzed man that his sins are forgiven.

The Pharisees and religious leaders question Jesus’ authority to forgive sins, an act that can only be done by God. Jesus tells the paralyzed man to stand up and walk home. Suddenly, the man is able to stand and praises God for his miraculous healing.

Jesus calls Matthew, a tax collector (and later, the Gospel writer), to become a disciple. Culturally, being a tax collector was not a desirable career and often seen as dishonorable. Jesus enjoys a meal with tax collectors, sinners, and disciples together.

The Pharisees question Jesus, asking why He would eat and socialize with sinners. Jesus responds by saying that He came to call the sinners, not the righteous, to repentance. Jesus instructs the Pharisees that God desires mercy and understanding over sacrifice, quoting Hosea 6:6.

The Pharisees ask Jesus why His followers do not fast like the other religious people, instead they feast and drink. Jesus explains that His presence with His disciples is a time of joy and celebration, not fasting.

While Jesus spoke to the Pharisees, a ruler comes and kneels before Jesus, begging for healing for his daughter. The man believes that if Jesus lays His hands on her, she will be restored to life. Along the way to heal the man’s daughter, Jesus encounters a woman who has been suffering for twelve years from hemorrhaging blood. The woman believes that because Jesus is so powerful, she would be healed if she could only touch the fringe of His clothing. The fringe she refers to is likely the tassels that Jewish people wore on their clothing as a sign of remembrance towards God’s commands (Numbers 15, Deuteronomy 22). Jesus sees the woman’s hand, acknowledges her incredible faith in Jesus, and instantly makes her well.

When Jesus arrives at the home of the ruler, there is a crowd outside of the house making a great commotion. Jesus tells them to leave, claiming that the girl is no longer dead, but instead is sleeping. Upon Jesus saying this, the crowd laughs in disbelief. Jesus enters the home, takes the girl by the hand, and she arises!

Jesus continues to heal, giving sight to two blind men and speech to a man who was mute. He wants to contain His influence, protecting the time of His eventual arrest and crucifixion. Jesus asks those He heals to remain discrete, but His fame continues to spread. The Pharisees accuse Jesus of being influenced by demonic powers instead of God’s authority.

After seeing the large crowds, Jesus has compassion on the people. He encourages His disciples to continue spreading the news of the gospel, saying that the harvest is plentiful and the laborers are few.

MATTHEW 10

JESUS APPOINTS THE TWELVE DISCIPLES TO SPREAD HIS MESSAGE

Jesus chooses twelve apostles, men who are His disciples and devout followers. These men were Peter (Simon), James (Brother of John), John, Andrew, Phillip, Nathanael (Bartholomew), Matthew (Levi), Thomas, James, Thaddeus (Judas), Simon, and Judas Iscariot. Jesus gives these men the authority to preach, cast out demons, and heal diseases.

Jesus sends out His disciples, instructing them to find the lost sheep and proclaim that the kingdom of heaven is near. The disciples are told to heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse lepers, and cast out demons. Because they have received without paying, they are to give without receiving payment.

Jesus wants the disciples to rely on God for provision during their travels, instructing them to stay with those who receive and welcome them. If they are turned away, they are not to worry. In the end, God will bring judgment on those who reject the disciples of Jesus.

Jesus tells the disciples they will be like sheep in the midst of wolves and encourages them to be as wise as serpents and as innocent as doves. The disciples will be persecuted and accused before judges, but God’s Spirit will provide them with the correct words to speak. Jesus encourages the disciples not to be anxious, but trust that God will deliver them.

Jesus warns the disciples that they will be rejected because of their message and hated because of Jesus. Despite their persecution, Jesus encourages them to endure. Because the people reject Jesus, they will surely dismiss the disciples as well.

Whatever Jesus tells the disciples privately, they are to bring to light. What Jesus whispers to them, they are to boldly proclaim. Jesus reassures the disciples, telling them not to be afraid. Although there will be people who want to kill them, they can only kill the body and cannot kill the spirit. Jesus says that the Father is aware of the death of every sparrow, and the disciples are worth far greater value to God than the sparrows. God knows the number of hairs on each of their heads, caring for them personally and intimately.

Instead of bringing peace to the earth, Jesus has brought a sword. Although His message is ultimately one of peace, His bold claims to be the Savior are considered blasphemous and met with persecution.

Jesus requires love greater than that of a family and calls His disciples to take up their own cross and follow Him. This imagery focuses on the suffering that the disciples will face for their faith and conviction. Jesus says that those who lose their life for His sake will find life. Although Jesus will face death on a cross, there will be redemption and life on the other side. Jesus is calling the disciples into the same way of life. He promises rewards to the righteous, saying their good deeds will not go unnoticed.

MATTHEW 11

JESUS OFFERS GENTLENESS + REST TO ALL WHO ARE WEARY

John the Baptist is arrested for his ministry and claims about the coming Savior. From prison, John the Baptist hears of the miraculous powers of Jesus. Curious and confused, John the Baptist sends messengers to ask Jesus to confirm that He is the Messiah.

Providing more clarity, Jesus tells the disciples that John the Baptist was the messenger sent to pave the way for Jesus (prophesied in Malachi 3:1, Malachi 4:5). Jesus instructs the disciples to tell John the Baptist what they have seen Jesus do, including heal the sick, give sight to the blind, and raise the dead.

Jesus and John the Baptist are not the type of men the people expected, thinking God would send a king in luxury clothes or a powerful noble ruler. Jesus expresses that although He and John the Baptist are different, the people found ways to complain and show frustration towards both of them, claiming they are influenced by demons and sinners.

Naming many of the cities where Jesus performed miracles, Jesus denounces the cities who witnessed His works and were not repentant. Jesus travels to share the Good News of salvation, but is ignored or mocked by many.

Jesus thanks God, praising the Father for revealing His character to many. Jesus notices that it is not the wise or influential who recognize the divinity of Jesus, but sinners and children. Jesus invites anyone who is burdened to receive rest. Promising comfort and gentleness, Jesus tells His followers His yoke is easy and His burden is light.

MATTHEW 12

JESUS CONTINUES TO TEACH + REVEAL HIS CHARACTER 

Jesus and His disciples are rebuked by the Pharisees for plucking grain on the Sabbath. Jesus reminds the Pharisees of 1 Samuel 21, when David ate the holy bread meant for the priests of the temple. Jesus, referring to Himself, says that something greater than the temple has arrived. Jesus questions the knowledge of the Pharisees, saying God desires mercy and understanding over sacrifice (Hosea 6:6).

Jesus encounters a man with a withered hand at the synagogue. The Pharisees, using this as a chance to challenge and question Jesus, ask Him if it is lawful to heal on the Sabbath day. Jesus responds, asking them rhetorically if they would save one of their sheep from falling into a pit on the Sabbath. Seeing the value of this man more highly than a sheep, Jesus restores his withered hand. Instead of having awe for Jesus, the Pharisees plot to destroy Him. Jesus claims to be the fulfillment of Isaiah’s prophecy of God’s chosen servant who will have God’s spirit upon Him and bring hope to the people (Isaiah 42:1-4).

Some of the Pharisees attribute the work of Jesus to Satan, saying that Jesus is a force for evil. Jesus warns against an unforgivable sin, referred to as blasphemy of the Holy Spirit. Although it is highly debated among theologians, it is likely that this sin only refers to those who saw Jesus in the flesh and accused Him of being evil or demonic, meaning it cannot be committed by anyone alive today or anyone who trusts in Jesus as the Savior.

Jesus teaches that a tree is known by its fruit, either a good tree producing good fruit or a bad tree producing bad fruit. From the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks, showing the value placed on the intention of what is spoken. There is no condemnation for those who believe in Jesus, but those who do not will be held accountable for their careless words.

Jesus references the prophet Jonah and compares Jonah’s three days in the stomach of the whale to the three days He will spend in the grave. Jesus tells the religious leaders, who are familiar with Jonah, that He has come as a greater Jonah. Jesus also references 1 Kings 10 when the Queen of Sheba witnessed Solomon’s incredible knowledge. Jesus has come with a knowledge even greater than Solomon!

Using the imagery of an unclean spirit or demonic force, Jesus describes the hearts of the people. Once they have been cleansed from their sins, if they fail to replace their old ways with God’s ways, they will be susceptible to end up worse than before. God’s people, for generations, have attempted to follow the law while neglecting the importance of heart transformation and genuine repentance.

When Jesus is asked about His family, He calls all of God’s people His brothers and sisters, inviting all believers into God’s chosen family.

MATTHEW 13

JESUS CONTINUES TEACHING USING PARABLES

Jesus continues teaching and shares a parable about a sower distributing seeds across four different terrains, each representing a response to the message of Jesus.

First, Jesus describes seeds that fell along a path and were quickly eaten by birds. These seeds represent those who hear God's word, but do not understand. The enemy attempts to distort or snatch away the Good News, leaving people without comprehension of God’s word.

Jesus describes the second group of seeds, which fall into rocky ground with little soil. Immediately, these seeds sprout up, but are unable to establish deep roots and become scorched in the heat. These seeds are representative of those who hear God’s word, respond quickly and intensely, but do not engage deeply and fall away once trials arrive.

The third group of seeds are scattered among thorns. Although these seeds grew, they were eventually suffocated by the thorns. These seeds are representative of those who hear God’s word, but become distracted by other pursuits.

Finally, Jesus describes the seeds that fall on good soil and produce grain. These seeds produce fruit one hundredfold, representative of those who hear and understand the word of God.

Jesus explains that the parables are a fulfillment of the prophecy in Isaiah 6, saying that many would see Him, but would not perceive. Jesus says that the disciples are blessed to have heard, seen, and understood. When speaking to the crowds, Jesus quotes Psalm 78:2, saying that He will speak in parables and utter the words that have been hidden to the world.

In His next parable, Jesus tells of a field of wheat. Although seeds of wheat were sown in the field, an enemy also planted weeds. In order to avoid uprooting the wheat, the weeds remained in the field. Both grew together until it was time to gather the wheat. Eventually, they were all harvested and separated. When God’s kingdom is restored, the wheat and the weeds will be separated, but until then the good and the evil will coexist on earth.

Expressing the same message, Jesus compares God’s kingdom to a great net which separates the righteous from the rebellious. Jesus taught that a small amount of faith can have a great impact, using the example of the tiny mustard seed growing into a large tree and a small amount of leaven raising a large amount of flour.

Jesus compares the kingdom of heaven to a hidden treasure. God’s Word is so valuable; it is worth everything that we have! Similarly, Jesus compares the kingdom of heaven to fine pearls of great value.

Jesus tells the disciples that every scribe working for the kingdom of heaven is like a homeowner, collecting both new and old treasures. The Gospel writers are capturing both the new message of Jesus and His fulfillment of the ancient scriptures.

After Jesus taught in Nazareth, some were amazed, but others were offended. Jesus was rejected in his hometown and did not perform miracles due to the people’s disbelief.

MATTHEW 14

JESUS FEEDS FIVE THOUSAND + WALKS ON WATER

Herodias, the wife of Herod, wanted John the Baptist killed. Herodias was previously married to Herod’s half-brother, and John the Baptist called her and Herod’s union unlawful. During Herod’s birthday celebration, Herod promised Herodias’s daughter that he would provide her with anything she asked. Influenced by her mother, Herodias, she asks for John the Baptist’s head on a platter. Keeping his promise, Herod beheads John the Baptist and his head is given to Herodias’s daughter. The disciples bury John’s body and go to tell Jesus the tragic news.

When Jesus hears of John’s death, He withdraws on a boat with the disciples. Jesus is seen on the boat, and great crowds of people follow Him to the shore. Jesus has compassion on the people and heals the sick among them. Later that evening, the disciples ask Jesus to send away the crowds, instructing them to find something to eat. Instead of dismissing the people, Jesus miraculously feeds them. Using only five loaves of bread and two fish, Jesus blessed the food, and there was an abundant amount, feeding over five thousand! Not only was there enough food to feed everyone, but there were also twelve baskets leftover to sustain the disciples on their journey.

After feeding the crowd, Jesus sent His disciples into their boat to continue with their travels. Instead of joining them on the boat, Jesus spent time alone in prayer. In the middle of the night, Jesus is alone on land, and the boat with His disciples was out at sea. Jesus, having authority over creation, walks upon the water, making His way towards the disciples. When they see Jesus, they are afraid, thinking He is a ghost. Jesus speaks to them, telling them not to be afraid.

Peter responds to Jesus, asking Jesus to allow him to also step upon the waters. Jesus calls Peter, and he is able to walk on the water towards Jesus! When Peter becomes distracted by the winds, taking his eyes off of Jesus, he begins to sink. Peter calls out for Jesus and Jesus reaches His hand towards Peter. Jesus calms the storm, and returns with Peter to the boat, and asks why Peter had doubted him. Jesus saves Peter before questioning him, showing that His grace comes before His correction. After this encounter, the disciples worship Jesus as the Son of God.

When they cross the sea and arrive at Gennesaret, Jesus is recognized by many. He heals all who are sick. Similar to the hemorrhaging woman in Matthew 9, the people of Gennesaret believe that a simple touch of the fringe of Jesus’ garment is enough to make them well.

MATTHEW 15

JESUS REBUKES THE PHARISEES + FEEDS FOUR THOUSAND

The Pharisees accuse Jesus of breaking a commandment concerning ritual cleanliness before meals. Jesus rebukes the religious leaders, frustrated with their focus on tradition and man-made laws. Jesus recites Isaiah 29:13, which says that people will draw near to God and honor Him with their words, but their hearts are far from Him. Their worship of God is based on human rules they have been taught and not from genuine relationship or communion with God.

Continuing His response to the Pharisees, Jesus explains that it is not what goes into a person that defiles, but what comes out of them. The Pharisees diligently follow the laws for clean and unclean food, found in Leviticus 12, but Jesus is more concerned with the purity of the hearts. Jesus lists the multitude of sins that originate in the heart, including immorality and evil thoughts.

Jesus continues traveling, healing those He encountered along the way. Jesus heals the daughter of a Canaanite woman, a known enemy of the Israelites. The woman humbled herself before Jesus and compared herself to a dog receiving scraps of food. Jesus responds to her incredible faith and the oppressed daughter is immediately healed. While Jesus was in Galilee, He attracted large crowds of people who sought His healing abilities.

Similar to His previous miracle of feeding five thousand people, Jesus feeds another large crowd of over four thousand people. Using only seven loaves of bread and a few small fish, Jesus blesses the food and creates an abundant amount!

MATTHEW 16

THE IDENTITY OF JESUS + HIS EVENTUAL DEATH

The Pharisees ask Jesus to provide a sign for them, proving that He was the Savior. Jesus refutes them, questioning how they could interpret the sky and the weather, but not understand the signs God has already provided them. Jesus references the sign of Jonah, comparing the prophet’s three days in the stomach of the whale to the three days He will soon spend in the grave.

The disciples, realizing that they have no bread, were concerned. Jesus questions their concerns and wonders why they would be worried after seeing Jesus provide for the thousands. Using the imagery of leaven influencing the entire batch of bread, Jesus warns the disciples against being influenced by the false teachings of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

The crowds are unsure of Jesus’s identity and wonder if He is the reincarnation of John the Baptist or the prophet Elijah. Jesus asks Peter, “Who do you say I am?” and Peter responds, telling Jesus that he believes Jesus is the Savior and Son of God. Jesus confirms Peter’s faith and tells him that the truth of His identity was revealed to him by God. This chapter contains Jesus’ first mention of the church, the foundation on which the faith will prevail.

Jesus reveals to His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem, where He will suffer and die. After His death, Jesus will be raised again on the third day. Alarmed by this news, Peter interjects, telling Jesus that surely this will never happen to Him. Jesus responds harshly, by saying “Get behind me, Satan!” It is possible Jesus was referring to Peter as Satan or rebuking Satan for attempting to hinder God’s will and His plans for the cross through Peter. Because Jesus will ultimately prevail over death and sin, Satan is more afraid of the cross than Jesus!

Jesus challenges His disciples to deny themselves, take up their cross, and follow Him. Through this expression, Jesus reveals the means of His death upon the cross. Jesus says that those who give their life to following God will gain their life. Jesus questions why someone would want to gain the things of the world, but not care for their soul. Jesus highlights the importance of the eternal over the temporary.

Matthew 16:26 – For what will it profit a man if he gains the whole world and forfeits his soul? Or what shall a man give in return for his soul?

MATTHEW 17

THE TRANSFIGURATION OF JESUS + FORETELLING OF HIS DEATH

Peter, James, and John are with Jesus as He is praying on the mountain. As He is praying, the appearance of Jesus and His clothes change and become dazzling white! Jesus is no longer alone, but in the glorious presence of Moses and Elijah. Jesus, Moses, and Elijah speak of the departure of Jesus, which will soon be fulfilled in Jerusalem. Moses is known for delivering God’s law to the Israelites and Elijah was a great prophet who told of the coming of Jesus. These two men exemplify the main messages of the Old Testament, the law, and the prophets, and their connection to Jesus shows His plan to fulfill their message.

During this divine interaction, God speaks, proclaiming “This is my Son, with whom I am well pleased,” the same words spoken over Jesus at His baptism. This miraculous encounter is known as the transfiguration of Christ. Jesus instructs the disciples to remain quiet about what they saw until after His death and resurrection. Jesus explains that John the Baptist was an archetype of the prophet Elijah. Similar to John the Baptist, Jesus would be rejected, persecuted, and killed.

Jesus heals a man with a demon, who the disciples have not been able to heal. After the man is healed, the disciples ask Jesus why they were unable to heal the man. Jesus explains that their lack of faith, not lack of ability, is what prevented them from healing the man. Jesus referenced the mustard seed, a tiny seed that had the potential to grow into a giant tree, telling the disciples that even with a small amount of faith nothing would be impossible for them.

Jesus tells the disciples of His upcoming death, saying that He will suffer and be killed, but will rise from the dead on the third day. Jesus explains that the Son of man will be given over to the hands of men, and the disciples are greatly distressed.

Peter (Simon) was confronted by tax collectors, who were asking if Jesus paid his taxes. As the Creator and Sustainer of everything, Jesus is exempt from paying, but agrees to pay for both Peter and Himself. Matthew, a tax collector, was the only disciple to record this account, possibly because of his personal connection to the subject.

MATTHEW 18

JESUS TEACHES THE DISCIPLES ABOUT SIN + FORGIVENESS

Debating amongst themselves, the disciples ask Jesus who will be the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. Instead of giving them a direct answer, Jesus expresses His value of humility. Those who have child-like humility, faith, and wonder will be the ones to inherit God’s kingdom. Jesus says that those who cause the faithful to sin are better off drowning in the sea. Because Jesus loves His followers, He hates the sin that causes them to stumble.

Continuing His warning against sin, Jesus warns against temptation. Using the example of hands, feet, eyes, and ears Jesus encourages removing temptations and causes to sin. Although Jesus is not literal in this message or advocating for self-harm, He is encouraging self-denial in areas that are common temptations for sin.

Using the beautiful imagery of a shepherd leaving his ninety-nine sheep to find the one that has gone missing, Jesus tells of God’s continual pursuit of humanity. Just as a shepherd would seek out his missing animal, God desires closeness and relationship with His people.

Jesus gives direction for settling conflict with someone who has caused another harm. First, the one who has been wronged should address the person directly. If their message is not received well, they are to try again accompanied with another person to moderate the situation. If there is still no resolution, the congregation of God’s people or the church leaders can attempt to bring reconciliation. When two or more believers are gathered, God promises to be among them.

Peter asks Jesus how much forgiveness is required of God’s people. Peter assumes it is as many as seven times, but Jesus challenges him to be more forgiving, up to seventy-seven times (some translations say seventy times seven times, totaling four-hundred and ninety times!).

In response to Peter’s question of forgiveness, Jesus tells a parable of an unforgiving servant. In the parable, there is a servant who owes the king ten thousand talents, an amount comparable to millions of dollars today. The servant begs for mercy and forgiveness and the king graciously forgave his extensive debt.

Not long after his debts are forgiven, the servant goes to find another servant who is indebted to him. When the man asks him for forgiveness for his debts, comparable to a thousand dollars today, the servant was merciless and unforgiving. Instead of freeing him of his debts, the servant has the man thrown in prison. When the king hears this, he confronts the servant and is enraged with his hypocrisy and insensitivity. The king has the servant thrown in prison, preventing him from ever paying back his debt.

Jesus uses this parable to express God’s limitless forgiveness and challenges His followers to respond with the same forgiveness they have been shown. God desires to bring people forgiveness that causes them to be forgiving of others.

MATTHEW 19

JESUS SHARES THE PARABLE OF THE RICH YOUNG RULER

After teaching in Galilee, Jesus goes to Judea beyond the Jordan River and the crowds follow Him wherever He goes. A Pharisee asks Jesus if it is lawful to divorce. Jesus references Genesis 2:24, which says that man and wife are united as one flesh, and encourages them not to separate what God has joined together.

Jesus answers the question, speaking against divorce except for cases of sexual immorality. Similarly, Jesus refers to remarriage after divorce as adultery. If this sounds harsh or unfair, read John 8:1-11, where Jesus shows compassion for a woman caught in adultery. Jesus has high standards for righteousness, but also abundant forgiveness and compassion. Jesus' teachings and actions reflect the dual aspects of His character: both full of truth and full of grace.

The Pharisees are confused and rebuke people for bringing their children before Jesus. In response, Jesus calls out to the people, letting the children come to Him. Jesus is not bothered or burdened by the children, but appreciates their child-like faith. Jesus wants God’s people to receive the kingdom of heaven like a small child, with curiosity and awe.

Jesus is questioned by a rich ruler about how to enter into eternal life. Because eternal life is not often referenced in the Old Testament, the man addresses Jesus directly. First, Jesus asks the man to keep the law and the man agrees. Next, Jesus asks him to sell all that he has and give it to the poor. After hearing this request, the man becomes sad and withdrawn. He wants to follow Jesus, but does not want to give up his possessions.

Jesus, seeing the sadness of the man, points out how wealth can be a barrier to following God and trusting in His provision. Jesus says that it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than a wealthy person to enter God’s kingdom, but what is impossible to man is possible to God. Jesus teaches that many who are first will be last, but the last will be first.

MATTHEW 20

JESUS TEACHES ABOUT GOD’S KINGDOM + GIVES SIGHT TO THE BLIND

Jesus shares a story of a man who hires laborers for his vineyard. The first group of workers arrives early in the morning to begin tending the fields. About three hours later, he finds more laborers and sends them out to work alongside the others. He does this again six hours and nine hours into the day. In the eleventh hour, he found more laborers and sent them into the vineyard. An hour later, when the day had come to an end, the man paid all of the laborers the same amount, although some had been there for one hour and some had been there for twelve. Those who had been there longer grumbled and complained, frustrated with the generosity of the vineyard owner.

Jesus tells this parable to highlight the abundant nature of God. Everyone who follows Him will receive eternal life, regardless of their age or what they have accomplished. This story also emphasizes the grace of God and mercy He shows to His people, even when it appears unfair or backwards by worldly standards.

With the twelve disciples, Jesus explains that He will soon be arrested, mocked, spit upon, flogged, and killed. All of these events will fulfill the teachings of the prophets, but the disciples did not understand what Jesus was explaining.

The mother of James and John asks Jesus to grant her request. She desires for James and John to sit at the right and left hand of Jesus in eternity. Jesus explains that those roles are not His to give, but they belong to God the Father. Jesus expresses His value for humility and reminds the disciples that even the Son of Man, Jesus Himself, came to serve rather than be served and give His life as ransom for many.

As Jesus travels near Jericho, two blind men are begging on the side of the road. Upon hearing that Jesus was nearby, the men cry out for help. Despite being rebuked by the people, the men continue to call for Jesus. Jesus asks them what they desire and restores to them their sight.

MATTHEW 21

JESUS ENTERS JERUSALEM + CONTINUES TEACHING

After His teaching and healing, Jesus continues towards Jerusalem. While He is in Bethany near the Mount of Olives, He sends two of the disciples to bring him a colt or young donkey. The disciples place their cloaks on the donkey, and Jesus rides the donkey down the Mount of Olives. When He does this, He fulfills the prophecy of Zechariah, who claimed that the Savior would enter Jerusalem with humility, mounted on a donkey (Zechariah 9:9).

The crowd places branches and cloaks along the road, paving the way for His entrance. As Jesus drew near, the people rejoiced and praised Jesus, saying “Hosanna,” a plea for salvation meaning “Save us.”

After entering the temple, Jesus drives out the people who are selling items for sacrifice. Jesus is protective over this holy place, desiring for it to be a place of prayer and teaching. In righteous anger, Jesus flips over the tables of those who were selling animals inside the temple. Jesus condemns them, saying that the house of prayer has been turned into a den of robbers.

While Jesus is traveling with the disciples, they come across a fig tree that provides no fruit for them to eat. Jesus curses the tree, saying that the fig tree will never grow fruit again. After this, the fig tree withers immediately. Jesus encouraged the disciples who marvel at what they just witnessed to have faith, so they do not wither like the fig tree. Jesus tells the disciples that faith will provide them whatever they ask for in prayer. The prophets Jeremiah and Micah prophesied this fruitlessness of the Israelites, saying that they will be like fig trees that do not grow fruit (Jeremiah 8:13, Micah 7:1).

Jesus tells a parable of two sons, both of whom are instructed to go out to the vineyard to work. The first son resists, but eventually changes his mind and gets to work. The second quickly agrees to work, but does not work. Jesus tells this parable to show how those who eventually believe are better than those who pretend to obey, but do not have genuine faith.

Jesus shares another parable set in a vineyard. In this parable, the people tending the vineyard kill many of the vineyard owner’s servants. Confident they will not kill his son, the owner sends him to the people tending the vineyard. These violent men want the son’s inheritance and end up killing him as they had the others.

Jesus uses this story to show how He will become the rejected cornerstone of the faith, quoting Psalm 118. In this story, Jesus is the Son who was killed to provide an inheritance. After saying this, the Pharisees want to arrest Jesus, but are afraid of how the crowds would respond.

MATTHEW 22

JESUS TEACHES IN PARABLES + SHARES THE MOST IMPORTANT COMMAND 

While attending a wedding feast, Jesus shares a parable, explaining reasons someone might turn down an invitation to a great banquet, including caring for land, animals, and family. All of these things, although blessings from God, can be distractions. When the poor and needy are invited to the great banquet, they gladly accept. Jesus uses this parable to express that those who are in the greatest need rely on God with the greatest faith. Those who are affluent have financial and emotional support that can distract from their dependance on God. Jesus explains that many are called, but few accept the invitation.

Jesus is approached by a group of religious leaders who want to trap Him with a difficult question. They ask Jesus if it is lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, the leader of the Roman empire that was oppressing the Jewish people. Jesus asks to see a coin and asks them whose name was inscribed on the coin. They responded that Caesar is the one who is named on the coin. Jesus teaches them to give to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and give to God the things that are God’s. Jesus teaches that submission to laws does not endorse the morality of the nation’s leadership.

Jesus shares the most important commandment: loving the Lord with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength. Jesus explains that the second most important command is loving your neighbor as yourself. Referencing Psalm 110:1, Jesus clears up the confusion regarding his relation to David. Jesus is a direct descendant of David, who David himself called Lord.

MATTHEW 23

JESUS REBUKES THE PHARISEES + MOURNS FOR JERUSALEM

While teaching among the crowds and disciples, Jesus rebukes the Pharisees and the scribes, calling them out for their practices of false religiosity. These religious leaders preach the law, but do not follow it. Their actions appear righteous, but their hearts are not turned towards God. Jesus, the greatest among them, is a humble servant to the people. Jesus teaches that whoever exalts themselves will be humbled, but whoever humbles themselves will be exalted. Jesus values humility and consideration over pride and entitlement.

Jesus offers seven warnings or woes to the Pharisees and scribes. First, Jesus calls the religious leaders hypocrites, saying they defer people from entering the kingdom of heaven. Despite the Pharisees' efforts to convert others to follow the Law, they simply create other legalistic Pharisees, letting the blind lead the blind.

Jesus refutes their value system relating to oaths or promises. God sees everyone who breaks their promises, regardless of ritual. Despite the tithes of the religious people, they have forgotten the more important aspects of generosity. They give out of obligation, but neglect justice and mercy. Instead of giving faithfully, the Pharisees give for show.

Jesus compares the Pharisees to a cup that is meticulously clean on the outside, but dirty on the inside. Jesus wants the Pharisees to cleanse themselves of greed and self-indulgence and be more concerned with their character than their image. Similarly, Jesus compares them to whitewashed-tombs, beautiful on the outside, but dead and rotten beneath the surface.

Jesus confronts the rebellious and disobedient actions of the Pharisees. God has sent them prophets and wise men, but they have ignored or killed them all. Jesus refers to the Pharisees as serpents, calling them a brood of vipers. Jesus says the self-righteous Pharisees are responsible for innocent bloodshed, including the prophet Zechariah. Jesus mentions Abel, who was killed by his brother Cain for after providing an offering more honorable to God (Genesis 4). The Pharisees are like Cain, having missed God’s message of love and humility.

Jesus laments over the rejection He has faced from the people of Jerusalem. Jesus wants to gather God’s children, uniting them together, but they have been unwilling. Jesus refers to Jerusalem as the city that kills prophets and says He will not enter the city until the time they will say “Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord,” prophesying His entrance into Jerusalem (Luke 19).

MATTHEW 24

JESUS DESCRIBES FUTURE DESTRUCTION AS A WARNING TO THE DISCIPLES

As the disciples admire the beauty of the temple, Jesus warns of a future time when the temple will be destroyed. The disciples ask when this will occur, and Jesus shares that there will be war and unrest before the time of destruction. Jesus warns the disciples that many will come after Him, claiming to be the Savior, but only Jesus is the Son of God.

Jesus continues to warn the disciples, telling of a time of wars and persecution. Nations will rise against each other, and kingdoms will be at war. Famine, illness, and terror will be throughout the land as signs from heaven. The disciples will face opposition, and many will be imprisoned. Jesus encourages them to use this obstacle as an opportunity to be witnesses and share the hope of God. Jesus promises that the disciples will receive divine wisdom, allowing them to overcome their adversaries. Although the disciples will be persecuted for their faith, Jesus encourages them to endure. Despite the alarming nature of His message, Jesus tells the disciples that they do not need to fear or be anxious.

Jesus references the teaching of the prophet Daniel, who spoke of the times of desolation in the end (Daniel 12). Jesus warns of times of great tribulation when the people of Jerusalem will flee. While the specifics of this revelation are highly debated and widely interpreted, Jesus' focus remains on God’s sovereignty and authority over earth.

Jesus shares briefly the details and signs of His return, describing the seas roaring with waves, heaven being shaken, and miraculous movement in the sun, moon, and stars. When these signs occur, the redemption of those who believe in Jesus will occur. Just as the fig trees bears fruit in a certain season, the timing of the return will be revealed through signs. Although the earth will eventually fade away, the words of Jesus remain true forever.

MATTHEW 25

JESUS ENCOURAGES ATTENTIVENESS + GOOD STEWARDSHIP

Jesus tells the parable of the ten virgins, a story of ten young women waiting to be married. These ten women each carried a lamp, but only five of them brought oil to replenish their lamps while waiting for their groom. Because they were not prepared, the five who did not bring oil had to go out and purchase more. The five women who thought to bring oil were welcomed into the wedding feast, but the others missed their chance to enter. This parable reiterates Jesus’ early message to be alert and awake, remaining watchful for God’s presence. Throughout Scripture, oil often symbolizes the presence of the Holy Spirit. Jesus was teaching that those who are attuned to God’s presence will enter into celebration.

Jesus shares another parable, telling of a wealthy ruler who was disliked by the citizens of his kingdom. The ruler distributed ten large sums of money, known as minas, to his servants. The servants were instructed to engage in business and grow the wealth they had been given while the ruler was away. Upon his return, the ruler asks to see what the servants had accomplished.

The first servant doubled the wealth, gaining ten more minas. Because he had been faithful with little, he was given authority over ten cities within the kingdom. Similarly, the second servant gained five minas and was given authority over five cities. The final servant kept the money hidden under a handkerchief, fearful of investing the money. Angered with his negligence, the ruler had the servant’s money given to the man who was able to double what he was given.

Jesus tells of His future return when He will sit on a glorious throne with the angels. Everyone from all of the nations will come before Him and they will be separated, just as a shepherd would separate sheep from goats.

Jesus tells the sheep that they will inherit the kingdom that was prepared for them, referencing eternity in heaven. Jesus says that the righteous provided for Him with food, water, clothing, and hospitality. Although they did not literally do these things for Jesus Himself, when they did these for someone in need, Jesus was honored by their actions.

On the other hand, Jesus felt persecuted by those who did not provide for people in need. Their negligence and selfishness to the poor and imprisoned insulted Jesus as their Creator and Savior. This illustration shows Jesus’ care for the disadvantaged and points to the coming judgment of those who have not put their faith in Him. For those who have been made righteous through Christ, they will be given eternal life.

Matthew 25:40 – And the King will answer them, ‘Truly, I say to you, as you did it to one of the least of these my brothers, you did it to me.’

MATTHEW 26

THE LAST SUPPER + BETRAYAL OF JESUS

As Passover was approaching Jesus told the disciples that His death was near, revealing to them that He would be crucified. Meanwhile, the chief priests and elders gathered with Caiaphas, the high priest, and plotted together to arrest and kill Jesus.

Jesus visits the home of a leper in Bethany, the town where Lazarus, Mary, and Martha lived. Lazarus, Mary and Martha were siblings who were very close friends with Jesus. Jesus was a welcomed guest in their home on many occasions (John 11, Luke 10:38-42, and John 12:3.)

In the man's home, a woman took an expensive balm and anointed Jesus’s head. The disciples question why the woman did this, calling it a waste. Jesus said the woman’s actions were beautiful, and the ointment was for the preparation for his burial, which Jesus knew was quickly approaching.

Judas, one of Jesus’ disciples, went to the chief priest to ask how much they would pay for Jesus’ capture. Betraying Jesus, Judas turned over His location for thirty pieces of silver, the amount commonly used for purchasing a slave (Zechariah 11:12-13, Exodus 21:32).

Jesus gathers the disciples to celebrate Passover. During the meal, Jesus tells the disciples that one of them will betray Him. Judas responds to Jesus, notably calling Jesus “Rabbi,” not “Lord,” and asking if he was the one to betray Jesus. Answering Judas, Jesus confirms his betrayal (Psalm 41:9).

Jesus institutes the Lord’s Supper, more commonly known as communion. Jesus broke the bread and poured the wine, describing it as His body broken and His blood poured out for the forgiveness of sins.

After the Passover meal, Jesus foretells that Peter, His disciple, will deny knowing Jesus three times before the rooster crows. Peter assures Jesus that he will not deny Him, even if it costs him his life.

Jesus enters the garden of Gethsemane to pray. Distressed and sorrowful, Jesus asks God to remove the dreadful fate awaiting Him. Submitting to God’s will, Jesus understands that His death is necessary. The spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak—the hour has come.

While they are in the garden, Judas arrives with a great crowd of priests and religious leaders, carrying swords and seeking to arrest Jesus. Judas identifies Jesus, kissing his face as a sign to the priests. The crowd seizes Jesus, taking Him captive. Jesus states that He is appealing to the will of the Father and fulfilling the teachings of the prophets.

Jesus was taken before Caiaphas and his council and put on trial for blasphemy. When questioned about His claims, Jesus remained silent. The priests mocked Jesus, tearing His robes and spitting in His face. When asked directly, Jesus confirms that He is the Son of God, and they want to kill Him for this profession.

Just as Jesus said, Peter is approached three times and questioned about his relationship to Jesus. Three times, Peter denies knowing Jesus. Remembering what Jesus said, Peter weeps over his denial of Christ.

MATTHEW 27

JESUS BEATEN, MOCKED, + CRUCIFIED

Realizing Jesus would soon die, Judas feels remorse for his betrayal. Judas takes the thirty silver coins he was given and throws them to the temple, knowing the money cost him the innocent death of Jesus. Experiencing despair and regret, Judas hangs himself.

When Pilate, the Roman Governor, questions Jesus’ identity, Jesus confirms that He is the Son of God, the Jewish Messiah. When the priests and religious leaders make further accusations, Jesus remains silent (Isaiah 53:7).

Attempting to spare Jesus, Pilate recalls that during Passover, one prisoner is allowed to be freed. Instead of freeing the innocent Messiah, the crowd cheers to free Barabbas, a criminal guilty of acts of heinous violence and corruption.

Pilate’s wife attempts to warn Pilate to set Jesus free instead of Barabbas. The night before, she had a dream about Jesus, realizing His innocence. Because of the fervor of the crowd demanding to kill Jesus, Pilate relents and allows Jesus to be handed over.

Before being crucified, Jesus is brutally beaten and whipped. Pilate’s soldiers take Jesus and clothe Him in red robes and a crown of thorns, mocking His alleged identity as King of the Jews. They mockingly kneel and spit on Jesus, showing their hatred and disrespect.

The soldiers walk with Jesus towards the outskirts of the city, where He is to be crucified. Jesus is so weak from being beaten that a man named Simon has to assist Him in carrying the cross where He would soon meet His death.

The site of Jesus' crucifixion was the same site where Abraham offered Isaac (Genesis 22), holding a powerful connection. In both instances, God provided a substitute sacrifice. Just as a ram replaced Isaac in the Old Testament, Jesus became the sacrificial lamb for humanity, fulfilling God's plan for redemption.

By His hands and His feet, Jesus is nailed to the cross and lifted up. The soldiers throw dice to divide His clothing between them (Psalm 22:18). The people mock and berate Jesus, asking why He could save others, but not Himself. Even the criminals on the crosses beside Jesus question His abilities and insult Him as He hangs on the cross.

During the crucifixion, the sky filled with darkness, showing the physical and spiritual significance of His sacrifice. In His final moments, Jesus cries out to God, asking why He had been forsaken (Psalm 22:1). Trusting the Father’s will, Jesus yielded His spirit to God, allowing His death on the cross.

Upon Jesus' death, the Temple curtain tore in two, symbolizing the removal of the barrier between God and humanity, allowing access to God’s presence. Following Jesus’ death, the earth shook, opening graves and raising many of God’s people from the dead.

Joseph, one of Jesus’ followers asks Pilate for Jesus’ body, wanting to properly bury Him in a tomb protected by a large stone. Knowing Jesus’ prophecy that He would rise from the grave, Pilate appoints guards to remain by the tomb for three days, preventing anyone from stealing Jesus’ body.

MATTHEW 28

THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS + THE GREAT COMMISSION

After the Sabbath, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary, visit the tomb. Mary Magdalene was a disciple of Jesus and one of His ministry’s financial supporters. According to the Gospel accounts, Jesus healed her of seven demons (Luke 8:1-3). She witnessed the crucifixion and burial of Jesus and was the first person to see Him after the resurrection. Mary, mentioned in Matthew as the other Mary, is most likely the mother of Jesus.

There is a great earthquake, and an angel of the Lord comes from heaven and rolls back the stone guarding the tomb. The appearance of the angel startles the guards, and they shake with fear.

The angel encourages the women, telling them not to be afraid. Sharing the good news of Jesus’ resurrection, the angel tells them, “He is not here; he has risen, just as he said.” After seeing the empty tomb of Jesus, the women run to tell the disciples.

On their way to share the news, Jesus meets them, and they fall to His feet in worship. Jesus says to them, “Do not be afraid. Go and tell my brothers to go to Galilee; there they will see me.”

While the women are on their way, some of the guards report the news of the resurrection to the chief priests. Wanting to keep the resurrection quiet, the priests and elders bribe the guards with a large sum of money to say that the body of Jesus was stolen while they were asleep.

The eleven remaining disciples, the original twelve minus Judas, arrive in Galilee. When they see Jesus, they worship Him, but some still doubted, unable to comprehend the resurrection. Jesus shares with them the Great Commission, instructing them to make disciples of all nations, baptizing them and teaching them to obey the commands. Jesus promises to be with the disciples always, to the very end of the age.