LUKE

LUKE 1

THE BIRTH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST POINTS TO THE COMING MESSIAH 

Luke’s account starts with the priest Zechariah and his wife, Elizabeth, who are both faithful people and follow God. They have no children because Elizabeth is barren, and they are both beyond childbearing years.

Zechariah has the unique honor of entering the temple, a rare occasion. In the temple, Zechariah is met by the angel Gabriel, who tells him that his prayers were heard and that Elizabeth will conceive a son. This son will be named John and he will have the distinct role of preparing God’s people in Israel.

Gabriel tells Zechariah that his son will have the spirit and power of the prophet Elijah, filling the prophecy of Malachi (1 Kings 17–19, Malachi 4). Zechariah does not believe the news at first, shocked by what the angel told him. Because of his initial disbelief, Zechariah becomes mute and is unable to speak.

A few months later, the angel Gabriel visits Elizabeth’s cousin, Mary, who lives in Nazareth and is engaged to be married to Joseph. Gabriel tells Mary that she has found favor with God and will conceive a child. Mary’s son will reign over the house of Jacob and sit on the throne of David. The reference to these two Israelite leaders points to God’s long-standing plan to redeem and restore the Israelite people.

Mary is confused by the news of her pregnancy, because she is a young virgin. The angel explains that the Holy Spirit of God conceived the child within her womb. Mary responds with humility, trusting the word of God and referring to herself as God’s servant. Mary’s virgin conception fulfills the prophet Isaiah’s prophecy in Isaiah 7:14.

As an older woman and a virgin, both Elizabeth and Mary are expecting a child under unlikely circumstances. When Mary visits Elizabeth, John jumps within Elizabeth’s womb. The Holy Spirit is upon Elizabeth and she knows that Mary is carrying God’s child. The first prophecy of the conceived Messiah is spoken by Elizabeth! Mary and Elizabeth praise God together, singing of His goodness and mercy.

Once Elizabeth gives birth, Zechariah affirms that the son is to be named John and is able to speak again. Zechariah praises God and is filled with the Holy Spirit. Zechariah prophesies that his son, John, will be a prophetic messenger who prepares Israel for the Messiah, going before the Lord to prepare His ways and give knowledge of the coming salvation to His people.

LUKE 2

THE BIRTH + TEMPLE DEDICATION OF JESUS

During the reign of Caesar Augustus, a decree went out calling for a census of the people. Mary and Joseph travel from their hometown in Nazareth and report to Bethlehem, a town in Judea.

While they are in Bethlehem, Jesus is born, fulfilling the prophecy of the birth of the Savior in Bethlehem (Micah 5). Because the town is filled with people traveling for the census, there is no room for Mary and Joseph to stay indoors. Jesus is born in a rustic shelter where animals reside and is laid in a manger.

In a nearby field, shepherds are keeping watch over the flock and are visited by an angel. The angel brings good news of great joy for all people, telling the shepherds that the Savior was born and wrapped in swaddling clothes lying in a manger.

When a lamb was born for a temple sacrifice, the lamb would be wrapped in swaddling clothes to remain blemish-free and maintain purity. The shepherds know the significance of Jesus, that He is the lamb of God who came to take away the sins of the world, so they go to visit Him in Bethlehem. Upon seeing Jesus, they praise God and know He is the Savior.

When Jesus is eight days old, He is circumcised, keeping the law that God had given to Abraham (Genesis 17). Jesus is presented at the temple in Jerusalem and Mary and Joseph offer a sacrifice, following the laws around childbirth (Leviticus 12, Exodus 13). Because Mary and Joseph are not wealthy enough to provide a lamb, they offer two doves as a sacrifice. God provides this option so that anyone, regardless of wealth or status, could participate in keeping God’s law.

When Jesus is presented at the temple, the Holy Spirit is upon a man named Simeon, who recognizes Him as the Savior. Simeon gives Mary and Joseph a glimpse of what is to come, telling them that Jesus will be rejected and will face the pain of a sword piercing Him. Despite the pain they will experience, Jesus will serve as the embodiment of both the failure and redemption of Israel.

Anna, an elderly widow, serves in the temple as a prophetess. Upon seeing Jesus, she praises God, thanking Him for the redemption of Jerusalem. Anna recognizes Him as the Savior of Israel, even as a small child.

Mary, Joseph, and Jesus return to Nazareth, where Jesus is raised. Each year, they would return to Jerusalem for the annual Passover celebration. One year, when Jesus is twelve years old, Mary and Joseph could not find him on their return to Nazareth. Distressed and searching for Jesus, they find Him three days later, speaking with the teachers around the temple. Jesus responds to Mary and Joseph, telling them He was in His Father’s house. Jesus, the Son of God, found comfort within the temple, God’s dwelling place in Jerusalem.

Jesus continues to grow, increasing in wisdom and stature, finding favor with both God and man.

LUKE 3

THE BAPTISM OF JESUS + GENEALOGY FROM ADAM

John the Baptist receives a message from God, so he goes out to the Jordan River preaching about the arrival of Jesus and calling the people to repent of their sins. John recalls the words of the prophet Isaiah, saying that he will prepare the way for God and make His paths straight. (Isaiah 40:3-5).

Some of the religious leaders of the time, called Sadducees and Pharisees, arrive at the Jordan. These leaders are known for their skepticism and legalistic view of the law. John is angry with them, calling them out for their pompous religiosity. It is not their ancestry or status that matters to God, but their hearts of repentance.

The crowds ask John questions around repentance and righteous living. John encourages them to be generous and fair, not taking advantage of people or exploiting the poor.

Filled with hopeful expectation, some of the people questioned if John the Baptist was the Savior Himself. John explains that the one who is coming after Him, Jesus, is far greater and mightier. In comparison, John says he is unworthy to even untie the shoes of Jesus. John will baptize the people with water, but Jesus will baptize them with the Holy Spirit.

John states that Jesus will clear the threshing floor and gather His wheat. Through the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus, those who trust God’s plan and follow Him, symbolized as wheat in this analogy, will be set apart as believers of Christ.

Jesus comes from Galilee to be baptized by John the Baptist in the Jordan River. Once He comes out of the waters, the skies open up revealing God’s Spirit descending on Him like a dove. Along with the Holy Spirit was the voice of God, saying “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”

Luke records the genealogy of Jesus, tracing His ancestry all the way back to creation. Luke highlights that Jesus is the Son of God, but also a descendant of Adam. Throughout the lineage are many key people in God’s story of redemption throughout the Old Testament, including Adam (Genesis 1), Abraham (Genesis 12), Isaac (Genesis 21), Jacob (Genesis 25), Judah (Genesis 29), Boaz (Ruth 2), David (1 Samuel 16).

LUKE 4

JESUS TEMPTED IN THE WILDERNESS + BEGINS HIS PUBLIC MINISTRY

After being baptized, Jesus is led by the Holy Spirit into the wilderness where He fasts for forty days and forty nights. The devil—also called Satan, the enemy, the tempter, or the accuser—comes to Jesus to challenge Him.

Attempting to provoke Jesus and take advantage of His hunger, the devil questions His ability to turn stone into bread. Jesus responds to the test of the enemy by quoting Scripture, saying that “Man shall not live on bread alone, but by every word that comes from the mouth of God” (Deuteronomy 8:3).

The devil then takes Jesus to the mountain overlooking the kingdoms. Satan offers to give Him all the land and all their glory if Jesus would bow down and worship him. Once again, Jesus quotes Scripture, saying that He will worship God alone and only serve Him (Deuteronomy 6:13). Jesus knows that Satan is offering something that isn’t his to give! The enemy lies and entices with false promises.

The devil takes Jesus to Jerusalem and places Him on the highest point of the temple. Again, the devil attempts to provoke Him, this time questioning His trust in God’s saving power. Quoting Psalm 91:11, the devil tells Jesus to throw Himself off the temple, for surely “God will send His angels concerning you.” Jesus responds, also quoting Scripture, saying that He will not put God to the test (Deuteronomy 6:16).

Jesus is able to combat the enemy’s attacks because of His knowledge of Scripture. It is important to note that the devil also knows Scripture and distorts it to challenge Jesus.

After Jesus rebukes the devil, the enemy departed from Him, waiting to return at an opportune time. The timing of the enemy’s attacks are not accidental or coincidental, but instead very intentional.

Jesus begins His ministry speaking at a synagogue in His hometown of Nazareth. He reads the words of Isaiah 61:1-2 to the people of Nazareth, telling them He has come to fulfill this prophecy and serve all people. At first the people of Nazareth are thrilled, but they quickly become outraged by His bold statements and want to kill Him! Jesus knows they will respond with anger and states that no prophet is accepted within their hometown. He sneaks away from Nazareth, heading towards the city of Capernaum near the Sea of Galilee.

Jesus is able to perform miracles, including casting out demonic spirits and healing the sick. He cures Simon’s mother-in-law who was ill with a high fever. Because of His astounding abilities, the news of Jesus travels fast and many people hear of His great works. Some recognize Him as the Son of God and trust that He is the Christ.

Before preaching in Galilee, Jesus spends time alone in prayer. Throughout the Gospels, there are multiple occasions where He retreats by Himself to spend time in solitude and prayer. Jesus plans to travel to many cities, speaking in the synagogues of Judea.

LUKE 5

JESUS CALLS HIS DISCIPLES + PERFORMS MIRACULOUS ACTS OF HEALING

Along the Sea of Galilee, Jesus calls His first disciples. Simon, James, and John are fishing all night casting their nets outside the boats with no luck. Jesus instructs Simon to lower his net again. Simon is overwhelmed with fish, so many that his boat begins to sink. Jesus tells them that they will no longer be fishermen, but fishers of men, foreshadowing their spreading of the Gospel message.

Jesus performs the miraculous act of healing a man with leprosy by reaching out and touching the man with the infectious disease. Wanting to remain discreet, He asks the man to not say anything about how he was healed. Instead of remaining silent, the man talks freely and word of Jesus’ abilities spreads. Jesus withdraws to desolate places to pray and avoid the crowds.

One day, when Jesus is speaking to a large crowd, a few men carry their paralyzed friend to see Jesus for healing. Because the crowd is so large, they are not able to get to Him, so they lower their friend through the ceiling! The men firmly believe in the healing power of Jesus and are desperate to get near Him.

When Jesus sees the man being lowered, He tells him that his sins are forgiven. The Pharisees and religious leaders present question His authority to forgive sins, an act that can only be done by God. Jesus knows the resistance He will face from the Pharisees and asks them if it would be easier for Him to forgive sins or to heal the paralyzed man, making Him able to walk. After puzzling the Pharisees with this question, He tells the paralyzed man to stand up and walk home. Suddenly, the man is able to stand and praise God for his miraculous healing.

Jesus calls Levi, a tax-collector, to become a disciple. Levi agrees to leave everything behind to follow Him. Levi throws a grand feast in his house, inviting Jesus and other tax collectors. Culturally, being a tax collector was not a desirable career and often seen as dishonorable. Levi is most likely disciple and gospel writer Matthew, called by a different name.

The Pharisees question Jesus, asking why He would eat and socialize with sinners and tax collectors. He responds by saying that those who are not sick do not need a physician, meaning that He came to call the sinners, not the righteous, to repentance.

The Pharisees ask Jesus why His followers do not fast like the other religious people, instead they feast and drink. Using the analogy of a bride at her wedding, He explains that His presence with His disciples is a time of celebration, not fasting. Jesus also expresses a sense of newness, explaining that you would not rip up a new garment to repair an old garment or waste new wine by putting it in an old wineskin. He is emphasizing the newness and joy that He will bring to His people!

LUKE 6

JESUS EXPLAINS THE UPSIDE-DOWN KINGDOM OF GOD

Jesus and His disciples are rebuked by the Pharisees for plucking grain on the Sabbath—a day when you’re not supposed to do any work. Jesus reminds the Pharisees of 1 Samuel 21, when David ate the holy bread meant for the priests of the temple. Jesus, referring to Himself, says that something greater than the temple has arrived. He is not concerned with legalistic views of the Sabbath; He has authority over the Sabbath!

Jesus encounters a man with a withered hand at the synagogue. The Pharisees watch Jesus, hoping to accuse Him of healing on the Sabbath. Jesus is angered and grieved over the compassionless Pharisees and restores the man’s withered hand. Instead of having awe for Him, the Pharisees plot to destroy Him.

Jesus chooses twelve apostles, men who are His disciples and devout followers. These men are Peter (Simon), James (Brother of John), John, Andrew, Phillip, Nathanael (Bartholomew), Matthew (Levi), Thomas, James, Thaddeus (Judas), Simon, and Judas Iscariot.

Because of His healing abilities, news of Jesus travels quickly, and He attracts large crowds wherever He goes. Many people travel to be near Him in order to be healed.

Jesus introduces the idea of an upside-down kingdom, preaching that those who are poor will be blessed in God’s kingdom, those who are hungry will be satisfied, and those who are weeping will one day be laughing. Jesus explains that those who are rejected and excluded because of their faith will be blessed with great rewards in heaven. He encourages believers that the ways of heaven are better than the ways of the Earth.

Continuing His message, Jesus warns those who are rich that their wealth is fleeting and the satisfaction of the full will dwindle. He cautions those who are spoken well of will be like false prophets who receive disingenuous flattery.

Jesus teaches His followers to show love towards their enemies, encouraging them to do good for those who hate them and pray for the people who wrong them. Jesus instructs His disciples to treat others how they desire to be treated themselves. In the way God still loves the ungrateful and disobedient, Jesus encourages His followers to love those who are most difficult to love.

Jesus instructs His followers not to judge others, because they have not been condemned. Using the imagery of a large log and a small speck, He teaches to examine the sin in one's own life before pointing out the sin of others.

Jesus teaches that a tree is known by its fruit, either a good tree producing good fruit or a bad tree producing bad fruit. From the abundance of the heart the mouth speaks, showing the value placed on the intention of what is spoken.

Jesus compares two houses, a sturdy home built on rock foundation and another house that is built upon sand. When a flood comes, the house with the firm foundation stands, but the house upon the sand is destroyed. Everyone who follows the teachings of Jesus will have a firm, lasting foundation.

LUKE 7

A SINFUL WOMAN WASHES THE FEET OF JESUS

When Jesus enters Capernaum, a centurion or Roman military leader comes to Him asking Him to heal his paralyzed servant. Jesus agrees to see the servant, but the centurion says he is not worthy of having Jesus enter his home and knows that He could perform miracles from afar. Amazed by the faith of the Roman soldier, a non-Jewish man, Jesus immediately heals the paralyzed man.

When Jesus is in the town of Nain, a large crowd surrounds Him to hear His teaching. He notices a widow crying over the death of her son and has compassion on her. Jesus approaches the body of her son, who is being carried away, and touches him. Restored to life, the man sits up and begins to speak. The crowds are astonished, recognizing Jesus as a great prophet and God among the people.

The disciples question the role of both John the Baptist and Jesus, wondering who is the promised messenger and who is the Savior. Jesus clears the confusion, letting the disciples know that John the Baptist is the messenger sent to pave the way for Him, prophesied in Malachi 3:1. Jesus and John the Baptist are not the type of men the people expected, thinking God would send a king in luxury clothes or a powerful noble ruler. Jesus expresses that although He and John the Baptist are different, the people find ways to complain and show frustration towards both of them, claiming they are influenced by demons and sinners.

While Jesus is eating with a Pharisee, a sinful woman, possibly a prostitute, approaches Him. Using an alabaster container of valuable ointment, the woman touches the feet of Jesus, washing them with her tears and drying them with her hair. When the Pharisee sees this, he doubts that Jesus knows she is a sinful woman.

Jesus questions the Pharisee, using an analogy of two people in debt. If the lender cancels the debt of both a small debt and a large debt, the person with the larger debt would be more thankful and respond with greater joy. Similarly, whoever acknowledges that they have a great amount of sin to be forgiven will rejoice in the good news of Jesus and respond with love. He forgives the sins of the woman and allows her to go in peace.

LUKE 8

JESUS CONTINUED TEACHING IN PARABLES

Among the disciples, there are multiple women traveling with Jesus, including Mary Magdalene, whom Jesus previously healed from demonic oppression (Luke 8:1-3). Mary Magdalene was a disciple of Jesus and one of His ministry’s financial supporters.

.He continues teaching and shares a parable about a sower distributing seeds across four different terrains, each representing a response to the gospel message.

First, Jesus describes seeds that fell along a path and were quickly eaten by birds. These seeds represent those who hear God's word, but do not understand. The enemy attempts to distort or snatch away the Good News, leaving people without comprehension of God’s word.

Jesus describes the second group of seeds, which fall onto rocky ground with little soil. Immediately, these seeds sprout up, but are unable to establish deep roots and become scorched in the heat. These seeds are representative of those who hear God’s word, respond quickly and intensely, but do not engage deeply and fall away once trials arrive.

The third group of seeds are scattered among thorns. Although these seeds grow, they are eventually suffocated by the thorns. These seeds are representative of those who hear God’s word, but become distracted by other pursuits.

Finally, Jesus describes the seeds that fall on good soil and produce grain. These seeds produce fruit one hundredfold, representative of those who hear and understand the word of God.

Jesus calls His followers to be like a light on a lampstand, giving glory to God for all to see. He also warns that everything will eventually be brought to light, nothing will remain hidden or secret from God.

Jesus’ mother and brothers attempt to reach Him, but could not get past the crowd. When He is told that they had arrived, Jesus calls everyone who hears and follows God’s word part of His family.

During a great storm, Jesus is asleep on a boat with His disciples. The disciples wake Him, begging Him to save them from crashing or drowning. Jesus questions them, asking why they have little faith and why they are afraid. He then rebukes the wind and the waves and the sea becomes calm. The men marvel at Him, realizing even the weather follows His commands.

Jesus heals a man named Legion, who is possessed with demonic spirits. He casts the spirits into a group of pigs, causing them to run into the sea and drown. Legion proclaims that Jesus saved him.

Jesus encounters a woman who has been suffering for twelve years from hemorrhaging blood. The woman believes Jesus is so powerful, she would be healed if she could only touch the fringe of His clothing. This fringe was a symbol of God’s law that many Israelites wore on their clothing (Numbers 15, Deuteronomy 22). He realizes that she was healed and acknowledges her incredible faith.

Jairus, a leader of the synagogue, approaches Jesus, asking Him to heal his dying daughter. Jesus claims that the girl is not dead but instead is sleeping. Upon saying this, the crowd laughs in disbelief. When He enters the home, He takes the girl by the hand and she wakes up!

LUKE 9

JESUS TELLS THE DISCIPLES OF HIS EVENTUAL DEATH + RESURRECTION

Jesus chooses twelve apostles, men who are His disciples and devout followers. These men are given authority by Him to call for repentance, cast out demons, and heal the sick. He wants the disciples to rely on God for provision during their travels, instructing them to stay with those who receive and welcome them.

Jesus arrives in the town of Bethsaida and is met by a large crowd. He has compassion on the people and provides teaching and healing. Using only five loaves of bread and two fish, Jesus blesses the food, creating an abundant amount that feeds over five thousand!

The crowds are unsure of Jesus’ identity and wonder if He is the reincarnation of Moses or the prophet Elijah. Jesus asks Peter, “Who do you say I am?” and Peter responds that he believes Jesus is the Savior and Son of God.

Jesus tells the disciples of His upcoming death, saying that He will suffer and be killed, but will rise from the dead on the third day. He later tells the disciples that the Son of man would be given over to the hands of men, but the disciples did not understand.

Jesus challenges the people to deny themselves, take up their cross, and follow Him. Hesays that those who give their life to following God will gain their life and questions why someone would want to gain the things of the world, but not care for their soul. Jesus highlights the importance of the eternal over the temporary.

Peter, James, and John are with Jesus as He is praying upon the mountain. As He is praying, the appearance of Jesus and His clothes change and become dazzling white! He is no longer alone, but in the glorious presence of Moses and Elijah. Jesus, Moses, and Elijah speak of the departure of Jesus, which soon would be fulfilled in Jerusalem. Moses is known for delivering God’s law to the Israelites and Elijah was a great prophet who told of the coming of Jesus. These two men exemplify the main messages of the Old Testament, the law and the prophets, and their connection to Jesus shows His plan to fulfill their message.

During this divine interaction, God speaks, saying “This is my Son, my Chosen one,” instructing the disciples to listen to Jesus. This miraculous encounter is known as the transfiguration of Christ.

The disciples argue over who is the greatest among them. Jesus says that because they have accepted Him, they have all received the One who sent Him. He tells of God’s love for the disciples and foreshadows the coming of the Holy Spirit, telling the disciples that even the least among them will be great.

Jesus is not welcomed into a village in Samaria. The Israelites and the Samaritans have a longstanding history of conflict and the village rejects Him.

Jesus calls His followers into a life of surrender and selflessness. Telling a man who wants to be a disciple but first wants to bury his father that “the dead will bury the dead,” Jesus points to the spiritual death of those who do not follow Him.

LUKE 10

JESUS TEACHES THE DISCIPLES TO LOVE GOD + LOVE THEIR NEIGHBOR

Jesus sends out seventy-two of His followers, instructing them to heal the sick and proclaim that the kingdom of heaven is near. He tells the disciples they will be like sheep in the midst of wolves, innocent men in a hostile environment. Wanting the disciples to rely on God for provision during their travels, Jesus instructs them to stay with those who receive and welcome them. If they are turned away, they are not to worry. In the end, God will bring judgment on those who rejected the disciples of Jesus.

Naming many of the cities where Jesus performed amazing miracles, Jesus also denounces the cities who witnessed His works and were not repentant. He travels to share the Good News of salvation, but is ignored or mocked by many. Whoever rejects Him has rejected God.

When the seventy-two men return to Jesus, they are amazed at the abilities they had been given under His authority. The men mention the power to cast out demons, and Jesus speaks of the fall of Satan. Satan is believed to be God’s creation who rebelled and fell from heaven. Jesus confirms this idea with His short statement of reflection on the fall of Satan. He tells His followers that their rejoicing should revolve around their future in heaven, not only their ability to cast out demons.

Jesus revels in God’s divine plan and praises God for His graciousness. Emphasizing the humility of child-like faith, He is thankful that God’s character was revealed not to the wise, but to children. He says that the disciples are blessed to be able to hear and see what they have experienced.

When asked about inheriting eternal life, Jesus responds with Deuteronomy 6:5, which teaches to love the Lord with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength, and love your neighbor as yourself. When He is asked who is considered their neighbor, Jesus teaches the parable of the good Samaritan.

In this parable, Jesus describes a man who is left on the side of the road, injured, robbed, and in dire need of help. Both a priest and a Levite man, two people considered moral authorities in Israel, walk past the man and do not provide assistance. A third man, a Samaritan, sees the man struggling and takes care of him. Because the people of Samaria and the Jewish people had a tumultuous history, this story highlights the Samaritan man’s compassion and mercy towards his enemy. Jesus explains whoever is around us constitutes as our neighbor, regardless of race, background, or status.

Jesus visits Lazarus, Mary, and Martha, siblings who were very close friends with Jesus. Jesus was a welcomed guest in their home on many occasions (John 11, Luke 10:38-42, and John 12:3.)

When He arrives at Martha’s house, she is distracted with serving and providing for her guest. Instead of helping Martha, Mary simply sits with Him and listens to His teaching. When Martha wants help from Mary, Jesus calms her, letting her know that her anxiety is not necessary and that He desires her presence over her provision.

LUKE 11

JESUS TEACHES THE DISCIPLES TO PRAY + REBUKES THE PHARISEES

Jesus teaches the disciples to pray personal, honest prayers. Addressing God as Father, He provides an example of how to pray, honoring God’s holy name and asking the Father for His will to be accomplished on earth as it is in heaven. Throughout His prayer, Jesus models asking for provision, forgiveness, and wisdom. This prayer is commonly known as “The Lord’s Prayer.”

Jesus reminds His disciples of the generosity and goodness of God. He encourages persistence in prayer, emphasizing that God will respond to those who ask, seek, and knock. God desires to give good gifts to His children who come to Him for provision.

Jesus continues to heal, giving speech to a man who was mute. The Pharisees accuse Him of being influenced by demonic powers instead of God’s authority. They see Him as a spawn of Satan and not the Son of God. Jesus emphasizes that whoever is not with Him is against Him and those who do not gather in His name will be scattered.

Using the imagery of an unclean spirit or demonic force, Jesus describes the hearts of the people. Once they have been cleansed from their sins, if they do not replace their old ways with God’s ways, they will be susceptible to end up worse than they were before. God’s people, for generations, have attempted to follow the law but have neglected the importance of a transformed heart and genuine repentance.

While Jesus is teaching, a woman in the crowd speaks up and blesses Mary, the mother of Jesus. Without dismissing the woman or disrespecting Mary, He corrects her by saying that the truly blessed are those who hear and follow God’s word.

Jesus references the prophet Jonah and compares Jonah’s three days in the stomach of the whale to the three days He will spend in the grave. Just as Jonah was spared, Jesus will defeat death and resurrection. He tells the religious leaders, who are familiar with Jonah’s story, that He has come as a greater Jonah. Jesus also references 1 Kings 10 when the Queen of Sheba traveled to Jerusalem to witness Solomon’s incredible knowledge. He has come with a knowledge even greater than Solomon!

Jesus explains that it would be pointless to light a lamp and put it under a basket out of sight. Similarly, He teaches that the eyes are the lamp of the body. When the eyes are healthy, the entire body gives light. He wants the people to see what is in front of them and marvel at God’s provision! When our eyes are open to receive God’s goodness, our entire being is affected.

Jesus rebukes the Pharisees, calling them out for their practices of false religiosity. Their actions appear righteous, but their hearts have neglected justice and forgotten the love of God. Jesus confronts the lawyers and religious leaders, saying they are not protecting wisdom, but are hindering others from hearing God’s word.

LUKE 12

JESUS ENCOURAGES TRUST IN GOD OVER MATERIAL POSSESSIONS

Using the imagery of leaven influencing the entire batch of bread, Jesus warns the disciples against being influenced by the hypocritical teachings of the Pharisees and Sadducees. He explains that nothing covered up will remain hidden and what has been whispered in private will be shouted from the rooftops.

Jesus reassures the disciples, telling them not to be afraid. Although there will be people who want to kill them, they can only kill the body and cannot kill the spirit. He says that the Father is aware of the death of every sparrow and the disciples are worth far greater value to God than the sparrows. God knows the number of hairs on each of their heads, caring for them personally and intimately.

Jesus teaches that those who respond to His message with misunderstanding or ignorance can be forgiven. But those who contribute the work of Jesus to Satan, saying that He is a force for evil, will not be forgiven.

As Jesus is teaching, a man asks Him for guidance on splitting an inheritance with his brother. He responds, not providing him with financial advice but wisdom regarding his values. Jesus warns the man to guard against greed and materialism and shares a parable about a wealthy farmer with an abundant crop. Instead of sharing with those in need, the farmer builds an entire barn to hoard his harvest.

Jesus encourages trust in God's provision and warns against excessive worry about material needs. God provides food for the birds and beauty for the lilies, but cares far more for His people and will provide far more for them. God knows the needs of His people and will provide when they seek His righteousness. Jesus acknowledges the anxiety of humanity and does not dismiss the troubles of the world, but invites them into greater peace and rest.

Jesus teaches the disciples to remain prepared with hopeful anticipation. Alluding to His return after His death and resurrection, Jesus says that He will come at an unexpected time. He challenges His disciples, telling them that because they have been entrusted with much, more will be required of them. The disciples have an insider perspective of the life of Jesus, giving them the great responsibility of sharing His message and teaching.

Instead of bringing peace to the Earth, the life of Jesus brought division amongst the people. Jesus questions the people, asking how they could interpret the sky and the weather, but not understand that He was sent from God. They understand the meaning of the coming rain clouds, but cannot discern that Jesus is the Savior by His miraculous signs. Just as they would use their judgment in a criminal case, He wants the people to use the judgment to discern His identity as Christ.

Luke 12:32 – Fear not, little flock, for it is your Father’s good pleasure to give you the kingdom.

LUKE 13

JESUS HEALS ON THE SABBATH + TEACHES OF THE NARROW GATE

When asked about the death of innocent people, Jesus deconstructs the idea that bad things happen due to a person’s sinfulness or wrongdoing. He does not dismiss the idea that there are often consequences to sin, but teaches that tragedies, murders, or disasters are not always the result of someone's offenses or punishment from God. Jesus encourages His followers to repent, so that they can inherit eternal life and not perish.

Jesus shares a parable of a vineyard owner and a gardener. After three years of owning a fig tree in his vineyard, the vineyard owner wants to cut down the tree when no fruit was produced. The gardener advocates for the tree, asking for another year to tend its growth. In this parable, the tree represents the Israelites who have not repented. God is personified as the owner who has grown impatient with the fig tree that does not grow fruit. Jesus stands in the middle as the gardener, patiently tending to the tree, anticipating its growth. Through His death on the cross, He takes on God’s wrath towards the sin of the people. This parable is also a reminder that growth takes significant time and effort.

While at the synagogue on the Sabbath, Jesus encounters a disabled woman who is unable to stand upright. Instead of the woman coming to Jesus for healing, He pursues her upon realizing she is in need. After being criticized by the Pharisees for healing on the Sabbath, He confronts their hypocritical accusations, reminding them that they would bring their animals to water on the Sabbath. How is Jesus providing for the woman different from their provision for their flock? After saying this, He heals the woman, and His adversaries are put to shame.

Jesus teaches that a small amount of faith can have a great impact, using the example of the tiny mustard seed growing into a large tree and a small amount of leaven raising a large amount of flour.

Jesus continues teaching and traveling towards Jerusalem. Along the way, He is asked how many people will be saved. Because this question is vague, it is unknown whether the man is referring to salvation from Roman oppression, from suffering, or from sin. Jesus does not answer directly, but instead gives the image of a narrow door. Although many will want to enter through the door, only those who personally know God will enter. For those who have repented of their sins and trusted in Him as their Savior, the door will be opened.

Jesus laments over the rejection He has faced from the people of Jerusalem. He wants to gather God’s children, uniting them together, but they have been unwilling. Referring to Jerusalem as the city that kills prophets, Jesus says He will not enter the city until the time they will say, “Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord,” prophesying His entrance into Jerusalem (Luke 19).

LUKE 14

JESUS CALLS FOR DEPENDANCE + SELFLESSNESS OF HIS DISCIPLES

Jesus encounters a disabled man with swollen joints at the synagogue. The Pharisees question Him, confronting him for healing on the Sabbath day. Jesus responds, asking them rhetorically if they would save one of their animals from falling into a pit on the Sabbath. Seeing the value of this man more highly than the value of an ox, the Pharisees were unable to answer Him.

While attending a wedding feast, Jesus shares a parable. He encourages humility, criticizing those who scramble for the best seat at an event and says to leave an open seat, giving a place for those who are more distinguished. It is more righteous to be asked to move up a seat than to be humbled and asked to move down. Whoever exalts themselves will be humbled, but whoever humbles themselves will be exalted. Jesus values humility and consideration over pride and entitlement.

Similarly, Jesus encourages the host to invite the poor and afflicted to their feast. Although they will not be able to repay financially, the generosity of the invitation will ultimately be repaid. Jesus tells a parable, explaining reasons someone might turn down an invitation to a great banquet, including caring for land, animals, and family. All of these things, although blessings from God, can be distractions. When the poor and needy are invited to the great banquet, they gladly accept. He uses this parable to express that those who are in the greatest need rely on God with the greatest faith. Those who are affluent have financial and emotional support that can distract from their dependance on God.

Jesus challenges His disciples to deny themselves, take up their cross, and follow Him. He uses powerful language, saying His disciples must hate their parents, spouses, and siblings. Evident from His other teaching, He does not desire for His disciples to hate, but instead love their neighbor. This language simply iterates that Jesus must be the greatest priority in the lives of His followers, causing them to hate everyone else in comparison to their love for Him. He expresses that His followers must evaluate the cost of discipleship. Although there is a cost associated with following Him, the cost of not following Him is greater.

Jesus teaches that salt without taste is worthless, calling for everyone to hear and listen to his message.

LUKE 15

JESUS EXPRESSES GOD’S CONTINUAL PURSUIT OF HIS PEOPLE + THE CELEBRATION OF THEIR RESPONSE

Using the beautiful imagery of a shepherd leaving his ninety-nine sheep to find the one that has gone missing, Jesus tells of God’s continual pursuit of humanity. Just as a shepherd would seek out his missing animal, God desires closeness and relationship with His people. Jesus explains that rejoicing in heaven takes place for every sinner who repents. Supernatural celebration occurs when we follow Him!

Similarly, Jesus shares another short parable, an example of a lost coin. If a woman loses a silver coin, she will search diligently to find it. Once it is found, she will call out to her friends and neighbors to rejoice. Just as the woman would celebrate the recovered money, the angels rejoice over a sinner who repents. God’s people are of far more value to Him than a silver coin and He seeks out those who are lost.

In a third parable, Jesus tells a story of a man with two sons. The younger son desires to acquire his inheritance early. The father divided the inheritance between the two sons, giving them each their share. The younger son takes all that he has and leaves, traveling far away and living recklessly with his inheritance. The younger son squanders everything he has, wasting what he was generously given.

Becoming desperate during a famine, the younger son is hired to help feed animals in a field. Impoverished and alone, he becomes so hungry that he envies the slop eaten by the pigs. He realizes that his father’s servants were treated far better and hoped his father would accept him as one of his servants.

Upon returning home, the younger son repents of his sins toward his father and begs to be accepted as a servant. Instead of being met with anger or disdain, the father welcomes him with acceptance and love. The father calls for the best robe to be placed on his back and plans a celebratory meal upon his return. Despite his son’s sin and rebellion, the father welcomes the son back and treats him with grace and provision.

The older brother, who has always been responsible and steadfast, is frustrated and angered by the celebration. He has been faithful, but there was never a feast for him! The father explains that the older son has always been with him, but the younger son’s return is still worth celebrating.

The older brother in this story represents the Pharisees and their expression of judgment and pride. The younger brother represents sinners who repent and turn towards Jesus. This parable, known as the prodigal son, highlights God’s constant love for His children and the rejoicing that occurs upon their return.

LUKE 16

JESUS TEACHES IN PARABLES ILLUSTRATING BOTH THE RICH + THE POOR

Jesus shares a parable with the disciples describing a wealthy man and his manager. When the wealthy man hears that his manager is not stewarding his money well, he fires the manager. In a desperate attempt to fix what he had done wrong, the manager decided to summon the people who owed the wealthy man money. Whoever owed one-hundred portions could pay the manager only eighty or fifty percent. Although he collected less, he collected the money quickly. The wealthy man praises the manager for his shrewd and quick-minded work.

In this parable, Jesus points out that many are more shrewd and astute about money and worldly possessions than the disciples are about spiritual matters and eternity. He instructs them not to be dishonest or dishonorable, but to be alert and pay attention to what is happening around them, noting that whoever is able to be trusted with a little will also be trustworthy with a great amount.

The parable ends with a warning about valuing money. Jesus says that no one can serve both God and money, they must love one and hate the other. The Pharisees, who highly value money, hear this message and ridicule Him. Jesus responds, saying that God knows their hearts and hates their worship of money.

In Luke 16:16, Jesus says “The Law and the Prophets were until John,” showing how the Old Testament told of Jesus until John the Baptist arrived to prepare the way for His arrival. Jesus does not dismiss or refute the Old Testament, but instead completes and fulfills what has been written.

Jesus speaks against divorce, referring to remarriage as adultery. If this sounds harsh or unfair, read John 8:1-11, where He shows compassion for a woman caught in adultery. He has high standards for righteousness, but also abundant forgiveness and compassion. Jesus' teachings and actions reflect the dual aspects of His character: full of truth and full of grace.

Jesus tells a story of a wealthy man and a poor man named Lazarus. This Lazarus is different from His close friend and the brother of Mary and Martha. Lazarus is poverty-stricken and covered in painful sores. He is desperate for food and desires to eat the crumbs from the wealthy man’s table. The poor man dies and is carried off by angels, taken to heaven and seated next to Abraham’s side. Because they highly valued Abraham, this idea of a poor beggar with wounds next to Abraham in heaven would be extremely offensive to the Pharisees.

When the wealthy man dies, he cries out from Hades, asking Abraham for mercy. But Abraham does not provide and instead says that he will not pass through from Heaven to Hell for the wealthy man. The man asked Abraham to send a sign to his family, warning them to repent. Abraham makes the profound case that those who have not responded to the warnings of the Law and the Prophets will also not respond to the resurrection.

LUKE 17

JESUS TEACHES OF GOD’S PRESENCE + COMING KINGDOM

Jesus warns His disciples that they will face temptations and rebukes those who bring temptation upon them. He says that those who cause the faithful to sin are better off drowning in the sea. Because He loves His followers, He hates the sin that causes them to stumble. Jesus encourages them to rebuke each other and correct wrongdoing, but also teaches them to forgive when someone repents. This teaching highlights both the high standards of Jesus for righteousness and His forgiving and kind nature.

The apostles ask Jesus to increase their faith, and He tells them that all that is required was faith the size of a mustard seed. In Luke 13, Jesus uses the image of this tiny seed growing into the largest of trees.

Jesus reminds the disciples of the role that a servant plays and encourages them to show humility. They are the ones who are servants of God, and they should not become entitled or prideful.

Continuing on His way to Jerusalem, Jesus meets a group of ten men with leprosy. Keeping the laws for cleanliness, He sends them off to the priest and the ten men are cleansed on their way. Upon realizing that he is clean, one of the ten, a man from Samaria, returns to Him to thank Him and praise Him. The foreign man was the only one who returned to worship Jesus for his miraculous healing.

When the Pharisees ask about the arrival of God's kingdom, Jesus responds by explaining that it is already present among them, yet they fail to recognize Him as the Son of God. He then warns His disciples about the coming rejection and suffering He will face. He draws parallels to the times of Noah, when people were caught off guard by the flood (Genesis 7), and Lot, when the destruction of Sodom took them by surprise (Genesis 19). Similar to those events, the fulfillment of God's promises will unfold without a predetermined schedule or location, emphasizing the unexpected nature of God's plans. God’s kingdom is already here through Jesus, but is not yet fully realized.

Jesus teaches that whoever seeks to keep their life will lose out, but whoever loses his life will keep it. He speaks of His return and the reign of God’s kingdom. At this time, those who have repented and trusted in Christ will be separated from those who have not.

LUKE 18

JESUS CONTINUES TO TEACH + TRAVEL TOWARDS JERUSALEM

Jesus shares a parable of a widow who is persistent in pursuing justice with a judge, encouraging them to always pray and not lose heart. The judge in the parable was not a follower of Jesus or believer of God, but still did what was right because of the woman’s relentlessness. How much more attentive will God be to the requests of His people? Jesus teaches that God will speedily bring justice to the Earth.

In the midst of both the righteous and sinners, Jesus tells a story of Pharisee and a tax collector who go to the temple to pray. The Pharisee prays, thanking God for his righteousness and recounting his own acts of faithfulness, such as fasting and tithing. The prayer of the Pharisee honors himself more than it honors God, showing his prideful and arrogant nature. The prayer of the tax collector is one of repentance and desperation. The tax collector asks God for mercy and calls himself a sinner. Jesus says that this prayer is the most justified among the two because the tax collector recognizes his need for forgiveness. Using the same words as Luke 14, He says that whoever exalts themselves will be humbled and whoever humbles themselves will be exalted.

The Pharisees are confused and rebuke people for bringing their children before Jesus. In response, Jesus calls out to the people, letting the children come to him. He is not bothered or burdened by the children, but appreciates their child-like faith and wants God’s people to receive the kingdom of heaven like a small child, with curiosity and awe.

Jesus is questioned by a rich ruler about how to enter into eternal life. Because eternal life is not often referenced in the Old Testament, the man addresses Him directly. First, Jesus asks the man to keep the law and the man agrees. Next, He asks him to sell all that he has and give it to the poor. When hearing this request, the man becomes sad and withdrawn. He wants to follow Jesus, but does not want to give up his possessions.

Jesus, seeing the sadness of the man, points out how wealth can be a barrier to following God and trusting in His provision. He says that it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than a wealthy person to enter God’s kingdom, but what is impossible for man is possible for God.

With the twelve disciples, Jesus explains that He will soon be arrested, mocked, spit upon, flogged, and killed. All of these events will fulfill the teachings of the prophets, but the disciples do not understand what He is explaining.

As Jesus travels near Jericho, a blind man is begging on the side of the road. Upon hearing that Jesus is nearby, the man cries out for help. Despite being rebuked by the people, the man continues to call for Him. Jesus asks the man what he desires and restores to him his sight.

LUKE 19

JESUS ENTERS JERUSALEM RIDING ON A DONKEY

As Jesus is passing through Jericho, a rich tax collector named Zacchaeus searches for Him. Because he is smaller in stature and could not see Jesus over the crowds, Zacchaeus climbs into a sycamore tree to see Him. Noticing Zacchaeus in the tree, Jesus calls out to him by name. Jesus informs Zacchaeus that He would be staying with him, and Zacchaeus joyfully welcomes Him into his home. Because Zacchaeus is a tax collector, the people who saw this question why Jesus would stay within the home of a sinner. He tells Zacchaeus that He has come to seek those who are lost and that salvation has arrived.

Jesus shares a parable of a wealthy ruler who is disliked by the citizens of his kingdom. The ruler distributes ten large sums of money, known as minas, to his servants. The servants were instructed to engage in business and grow the wealth they had been given while the ruler is away. Upon his return, the ruler asks to see what the servants had accomplished.

The first servant doubled the wealth, gaining ten more minas. Because he had been faithful with little, he is given authority over ten cities within the kingdom. Similarly, the second servant gained five minas and is given authority over five cities. The final servant kept the money hidden under a handkerchief, fearful of investing the money. Angered with his negligence, the ruler has the servant’s money given to the man who was able to double what he was given.

After this teaching, Jesus continues towards Jerusalem. While He is in Bethany near the Mount of Olives, He sends two of the disciples to bring him a colt or young donkey. The disciples place their cloaks on the donkey. As He rides the donkey down the Mount of Olives, He fulfills the prophecy of Zechariah, who claimed that the Savior would enter Jerusalem with humility, mounted on a donkey (Zechariah 9:9).

The crowd places their cloaks along the road, paving the way for His entrance. As Jesus draws near, the people praise God. The disciples rejoice, saying “Blessed is the name of the king who comes in the name of the Lord,” which Jesus prophesied in Luke 13. The disciples were rebuked for praising Jesus, but He responds saying that if the disciples are silenced, even the rocks will cry out to Him in praise!

After entering Jerusalem, Jesus mourns for the city. He loves the people of Jerusalem, but they do not accept Him as the Savior. Knowing that the city would face future destruction, Jesus prophesies that Jerusalem will be surrounded by their enemies and torn to the ground.

After entering the temple, Jesus drives out the people who are selling items for sacrifice. He is protective over this holy place, desiring for it to be a place of prayer and teaching.

LUKE 20

JESUS CONTINUES TO TEACH + REBUKES THE PHARISEES 

When Jesus is in Jerusalem, He is challenged by the chief priests and the scribes. They ask Him who gave Him the authority to do the miraculous things He has done. Instead of answering directly, He responds with a question, asking if John the Baptist was sent by heaven or sent by man. The religious leaders did not know how to answer. If they said John the Baptist was from heaven, they would be confronted for not believing him. But if they said John was sent by man alone, they would anger a large group of his followers. Because they do not answer, Jesus does not reveal the source of His authority. Both John the Baptist and Jesus were sent by God, but many did not believe that God was their authority.

Jesus continues teaching and shares a parable set in a vineyard. In this parable, the men tending to the vineyard kill many of the vineyard owner’s servants. Confident they will not kill his son, the owner sends him to the people tending the vineyard. These violent men want the son’s inheritance and end up killing him as they had the others. Jesus uses this story to show how He will become the rejected cornerstone of the faith, quoting Psalm 118. In this story, Jesus is the son who was killed to provide an inheritance. After saying this, the Pharisees want to arrest Him, but are afraid of how the crowds would respond.

Jesus is approached by a group of religious leaders who want to trap Him with a difficult question. They asked Him if it is lawful to pay taxes to Caesar, the leader of the Roman empire that was oppressing the Jewish people. Jesus asks to see a coin and asks them whose name is inscribed on the coin. They respond that Caesar is the one who is named on the coin. He teaches them to give to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and give to God the things that are God’s.

The Sadducees, some of the religious leaders of the time, ask Jesus about a law related to marriage and life after death. If someone is married more than once, they want to know which of the spouses they would remain married to in the afterlife. Jesus corrects them, telling them they do not understand the Scriptures or the power of God. When people enter eternity, they are not married, but are like angels in heaven. He tells them that God is God of the living, not the God of the dead, pointing to the eternal nature of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob that God expressed to Moses (Exodus 3:6).

Referencing Psalm 110:1, Jesus clears up the confusion regarding His relation to David. He is a direct descendant of David, who David himself called Lord. Jesus warns against the pompous religiosity of the scribes. More than they desire to share truth, they desire appearing important and prestigious.​​

LUKE 21

JESUS DESCRIBES FUTURE DESTRUCTION AS A WARNING TO THE DISCIPLES

Jesus watches as people give to the temple collection box. Rich people put in large amounts of money, but a poor widow is only able to contribute two small coins, worth about a penny. He tells His disciples that her gift is the greatest, because she continues to give in poverty and her donation requires a greater sacrifice.

As the disciples admire the beauty of the temple, Jesus warns of a future time when the temple will be destroyed. The disciples ask when this will occur and He shares that there will be war and unrest before the time of destruction. Jesus warns the disciples that many will come after Him, claiming to be the Savior, but only Jesus is the Son of God.

Jesus continues to warn the disciples, telling of a time of wars and persecution. Nations will rise against each other, and kingdoms will be at war. Famine, illness, and terror will occur throughout the land as signs from heaven. The disciples will face opposition, and many will be imprisoned. Jesus encourages them to use this obstacle as an opportunity to be witnesses and share the hope of God and promises that the disciples will receive divine wisdom, allowing them to overcome their adversaries. Although the disciples will be persecuted for their faith, He encourages them to endure. Despite the alarming nature of His message, Jesus tells the disciples that they do not need to fear or be anxious.

Jesus foretells the coming destruction of Jerusalem. Warning the disciples, He tells them that the time of desolation will be near once the city of Jerusalem is surrounded by armies. Jesus mourns for the city and tells of Jerusalem's impending defeat.

Jesus shares briefly the details of His return, reporting the signs of His return, describing the seas roaring with waves, heaven being shaken, and miraculous movement in the sun, moon, and stars. When these signs occur, the redemption of those who believe in Him will occur. Just as the fig trees bear fruit in a certain season, the timing of the return will be revealed through signs. Although the earth will eventually fade away, the words of Jesus remain true forever.

Jesus warns the people to watch themselves, being mindful of drunkenness and despair. He encourages them to pray, asking God for strength in difficult times. The time referred to in this passage is often referred to as the “end times,” but for God’s people, it is the start of eternity in heaven!

LUKE 22

THE LAST SUPPER + BETRAYAL OF JESUS

As Passover is approaching, the chief priests and elders gather with Caiaphas, the high priest and plot together to arrest and kill Jesus.

Influenced by Satan, Judas, one of Jesus’ disciples, goes to the chief priest to ask how much they would pay for Jesus’ capture. Betraying Jesus, Judas turns over His location for the promise of money (Psalm 41:9).

In a large upper room, Jesus gathers the disciples to celebrate Passover. He institutes the Lord’s Supper, more commonly known as communion, breaking the bread and pouring the wine, describing it as His body broken and His blood poured out for the forgiveness of sins. He instructs the disciples to do this in remembrance of Him.

During the meal, Jesus tells the disciples that one of them will betray him. Troubled by this, each disciple questions if they would be the one to betray Him. Continuing to argue, the disciples question who among them is the greatest. Jesus corrects them, saying the one with the most authority should act as if he is the least important, and those who lead should be like servants.

After the Passover meal, Jesus foretells that Peter, His disciple, will deny knowing Jesus three times before the rooster crows. Peter assures Him that he will not deny Him, even if it costs him his life. Although Satan influences Peter, Jesus prays that his faith will be strengthened.

Jesus explains to the disciples that He is appealing to the will of the Father and fulfilling the teachings of the prophets. He entered the garden of Gethsemane to pray. Worried and sorrowful, Jesus asks God to remove the dreadful fate awaiting Him. Submitting to God’s will, He understands that His death is necessary. In great distress, Jesus’ sweat become like great drops of blood.

While they are in the garden, Judas arrives with a great crowd of priests and religious leaders, carrying swords and seeking to arrest Jesus. Judas identifies Jesus, kissing His face as a sign to the priests. The crowd seizes Him, taking Him captive.

One of the disciples uses his sword to remove the ear of one of the men taking Jesus captive. Jesus touches the ear of the man arresting Him and he is healed. He shows mercy and compassion to the very people who want to kill Him.

Just as Jesus said, Peter is approached three times and questioned about his relationship to Jesus. Three times, Peter denies knowing Jesus. Remembering what Jesus said, Peter weeps at his denial of Christ.

Jesus is taken into custody, where He was blindfolded, beaten, and mocked. Jesus goes before Caiaphas and his council, put on trial for blasphemy. When questioned about His claims, He confirms that He is the Son of God, seated at God’s right hand.

LUKE 23

JESUS BEATEN, MOCKED, + CRUCIFIED

After being taken captive, Jesus is handed over to the Roman Governor, Pilate, who questions His identity. He confirms that He is the Son of God, the Jewish Messiah. When the priests and religious leaders make further accusations, Jesus remains silent (Isaiah 53:7). Pilate finds no guilt in Him and does not understand the reason for His arrest.

Facing opposition from the religious leaders and crowds, Pilate sends Jesus back to King Herod in Jerusalem. King Herod and Pilate have been in conflict, but found common ground in believing that He is innocent.

Attempting to spare Jesus, Pilate recalls that during Passover, one prisoner is allowed to be freed. Instead of freeing the innocent Messiah, the crowd cheers to free Barabbas, a criminal guilty of acts of heinous violence and corruption.

When Pilate asks what he should do with Jesus, the crowd adamantly shouts, “Crucify Him!” Because of the fervor of the crowd demanding to kill Jesus, Pilate relents and allows Him to be handed over.

The soldiers walk with Jesus towards the outskirts of the city, where He is to be crucified. He is so weak from being beaten that a man named Simon has to assist Him in carrying the cross where He would soon meet His death.

The site of Jesus' crucifixion is the same site where Abraham offered Isaac (Genesis 22), holding a powerful connection. In both instances, God provided a substitute sacrifice. Just as a ram replaced Isaac in the Old Testament, Jesus becomes the sacrificial lamb for humanity, fulfilling God's plan for redemption.

By His hands and His feet, Jesus is nailed to the cross and lifted up. The soldiers throw dice to divide His clothing between them (Psalm 22:18). The people mock and berate Him, asking why He could save others, but not Himself. While experiencing the most excruciating form of death, Jesus prays, asking God to forgive the people who are killing Him, for they do not know the gravity of what they are doing.

Seeing His faith and humility on the cross, the criminal hanging next to Jesus recognized Him as the Savior. The man asked Jesus to remember him when He arrives into God’s kingdom. Jesus responds to the man, telling him that they will be together in paradise that very day. Despite his inability to respond to Jesus’ sacrifice or live a more righteous life, the criminal is welcomed to the kingdom, showing that salvation is given by faith through grace alone.

During the crucifixion, the sky fills with darkness, showing the physical and spiritual significance of Jesus’ sacrifice. Trusting the Father’s will, Jesus yields His spirit to God, allowing His death on the cross.

Joseph, one of Jesus’ followers, asks Pilate for His body, wanting to properly bury Him. Joseph takes the body, wraps it in linen clothing, and puts Jesus in a tomb protected by a large stone.  

Luke 23:42-43 – And he said, “Jesus, remember me when you come into your kingdom.” And he said to him, “Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in paradise.”

LUKE 24

THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS + THE GREAT COMMISSION

After the Sabbath, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary, most likely the mother of Jesus, visit the tomb to anoint Jesus’ body with spices. Wondering how they would open the tomb, the women realize that the stone was already rolled away.

As they enter the tomb, they are met by angels who speak to them saying, “Why do you seek the living among the dead? He is not here, but has risen.” Reminded of the words of Jesus, the women remembered His prophecy of His death and resurrection. He did exactly what He said He would do!

After seeing the empty tomb of Jesus, the women run to tell the disciples, but the disciples could not believe this news. Peter immediately runs to the tomb to see for himself. Looking into the tomb, he sees the linen cloths that wrapped around Jesus’ body lying by themselves, and he marvels at this sight.

Jesus appears to two of the disciples as they are walking towards the village Emmaus.

Jesus walks beside them, but they did not recognize Him. He asks the disciples why they are in despair and the two men ironically explain the innocent death of Jesus to the resurrected Jesus Himself.

Jesus questions their faith and their knowledge of Scripture, saying "Was it not necessary that the Christ should suffer these things and enter into his glory?” Starting with the books of Moses and all the prophets, Jesus interprets all the Scriptures concerning Himself.

When they arrived in Emmaus, the disciples invite Jesus to stay with them, still not having recognized Him as the resurrected Savior. When He is at the table with them, He blesses the bread, breaks it, and gives it to them. At this moment, their eyes are opened, and they recognize Him. He then disappears from their sight. Reflecting on what just occurred, the disciples realize that their hearts burned within themselves as Jesus shared the fulfillment of the Scriptures with them. The men return to Jerusalem to share with the other disciples that “the Lord has risen indeed!” and their recognition of Him during the breaking of the bread.

As the disciples are talking about His return, Jesus stands among them, saying “Peace to you!” The disciples are startled by His arrival and assume they had seen a ghost. Consoling the disciples and proving His identity, Jesus shows them His hands and His feet, allowing them to touch Him and feel His physical presence. He sits down with the disciples and shares a meal with them.

Jesus explains that He is the fulfillment of the Scriptures, including the Law of Moses, the Prophets, and the Psalms, opening the minds of the disciples, giving them understanding of the Scriptures. In His last instruction, referred to as the Great Commission, Jesus invites the disciples to share the Gospel with all people.

After sharing this message with the disciples and blessing them, Jesus returns to heaven. The disciples continue to worship Jesus and return to Jerusalem with great joy and faith.