PSALMS

PSALM 1

THE WAY OF THE RIGHTEOUS AND THE WICKED

This first psalm opens by saying that those who delight in and meditate on God’s Word are blessed, offering encouragement to the reader. This psalm focuses on how God establishes those who are righteous, while the wicked ultimately perish. 

Psalm 1:6 - For the Lord knows the way of the righteous, but the way of the wicked will perish.

PSALM 2

SERVE THE LORD IN FEAR + REJOICE WITH TREMBLING

This psalm confronts prideful leaders, warning them to serve and honor God. God is the ultimate ruler and laughs at those who rage and plot against Him. Those who act foolishly on their own accord will perish, but those who take refuge in God are blessed.  

Psalm 2:11 - Serve the Lord with fear, and rejoice with trembling.

PSALM 3

DAVID FLEES FROM HIS SON ABSALOM

David wrote this psalm while fleeing from his son Absalom. 2 Samuel 15 recalls Absalom attempting to overthrow David’s kingdom. 

David is hurting and afraid, concerned about the fate of Jerusalem. With Absalom’s leadership on the rise, David feels as though thousands of men are against him. Even when his own family has become his adversary, David trusts God and calls upon His justice and judgment. 

Psalm 3:3 - But you, O Lord, are a shield about me, my glory, and the lifter of my head.

PSALM 4

ANSWER ME WHEN I CALL 

David praises God and thanks Him for relieving his distress. David calls upon God to respond to his prayers, knowing that he is set apart and heard by God. David challenges others to leave their lives of sin and follow God. 

Psalm 4:1 - Answer me when I call, O God of my righteousness. You have given me relief when I was in distress.

PSLAM 5

LEAD ME IN YOUR RIGHTEOUSNESS 

David authored this song, intended to be sung to the accompaniment of flutes. 

David laments, asking God to hear the sound of his groaning and crying. David knows that God does not delight in wickedness or dwell with evil. David asks God to bless and protect the righteous.   

Psalm 5:7 - But I, through the abundance of your steadfast love, will enter your house. I will bow down toward your holy temple in the fear of you.

PSALM 6

O LORD, DELIVER MY LIFE

David cries before God, asking Him to be gracious in his time of suffering. David is languishing and lamenting, saying his soul is greatly troubled. 

David describes his bed as flooded with tears and his eyes as wasting away because of his grief. Although David is in despair, he trusts God with his grief and acknowledges that God hears his prayer. 

Psalm 6:2 - Be gracious to me, O Lord, for I am languishing; heal me, O Lord, for my bones are troubled.

PSALM 7

I TAKE REFUGE IN YOU

David traveled and hid as a refugee multiple times, but God served as his refuge. As David is being pursued by Saul, he describes their chase as a lion tearing his soul apart.  

David has witnessed terrible rulers and kings in Israel but knows that God is the ultimate authority. David is thankful for God’s righteousness and praises God for His character. 

Psalm 7:17 - I will give to the Lord thanks due to his righteousness, and I will sing praise to the name of the Lord, the Most High.

PSALM 8

HOW MAJESTIC IS YOUR NAME

David praises God for His majesty, reflecting on God’s great creations. David marvels over God’s kindness to humanity and how God can both rule a vast creation and care for humans individually. 

Psalm 4:8 - What is man that you are mindful of him, and the son of man that you care for him?

PSALM 9

I WILL RECOUNT YOUR WONDERFUL DEEDS

David gives thanks to God, praising God and recalling all that He has done for him. David allows God’s previous faithfulness to fuel his trust in Him. 

As David awaits his own throne, he speaks of God’s righteous throne. Although David has experienced poor leadership and injustice on earth, David trusts God’s justice and authority. 

Psalm 9:7 - But the Lord sits enthroned forever; he has established his throne for justice.

PSALM 10

WHY DO YOU HIDE YOURSELF?

David cries out to God, asking Him to draw near when He feels distant. David describes the wickedness he has witnessed and ponders why evildoers seem to prosper. David sees injustice in the world and calls upon God to enact justice. David recognizes that God hears those in need and trusts God to defend the oppressed.

Psalm 10:17 - O Lord, you hear the desire of the afflicted; you will strengthen their heart; you will incline your ear… 

PSALM 11

THE LORD IS IN HIS HOLY TEMPLE

David praises God’s character, telling of His love for the upright and hate for the wicked. David argues that although the upright will be tested, they will ultimately know God and behold His face. David contrasts God's love for good deeds with His hatred of violence.

Psalm 11:7 - For the Lord is righteous; he loves righteous deeds; the upright shall behold his face.

PSALM 12

THE FAITHFUL HAVE VANISHED

David feels alone in his righteousness, telling God that the faithful have vanished. David says that everyone around him speaks only in lies, but God’s Word is refined and purified. David trusts that God will protect the poor and needy. 

Psalm 12:6 - The words of the Lord are pure words, like silver refined in a furnace on the ground, purified seven times.

PSALM 13

HOW LONG, O LORD?

David feels forgotten and abandoned, crying out to God for nearness. Even in his despair, David trusts God’s steadfast love and rejoices in His salvation. David chooses to continue praising God, even when God feels distant. 

Psalm 13:1 - How long, O Lord? Will you forget me forever? How long will you hide your face from me?

PSALM 14

THE FOOL SAYS THERE IS NO GOD

David cries out to God, frustrated with the disobedience and faithlessness he is witnessing in Israel. David describes the unbeliever, calling those who don’t know God corrupt and foolish. It is important to remember that David is the one speaking here, not God. God shows throughout Scripture that He chooses unlikely people to establish His plans and endlessly pursues His creation. 

David asks God to intervene in Israel, bringing salvation and restoration to His people. 

Psalm 14:7 - Oh, that salvation for Israel would come out of Zion! When the Lord restores the fortunes of his people, let Jacob rejoice, let Israel be glad.

PSALM 15

WHO SHALL DWELL ON YOUR HOLY HILL?

David desires closeness with God, wanting to dwell inside His tent. David knows that he must live blamelessly and speak in truth for this to happen. Unfortunately, David does not live a blameless life, and God appoints his son Solomon to build the temple instead of David (1 Chronicles 17-22).

The theme of dwelling with God continues in the last verse of Psalm 23, where David says that God’s goodness and mercy will follow him all the days of his life and that he will dwell in the house of the Lord forever. 

Psalm 15:1 - O Lord, who shall sojourn in your tent? Who shall dwell on your holy hill?

PSALM 16

YOU WILL NOT ABANDON MY SOUL

David praises God, thanking Him for never abandoning him. David declares his dependence upon God, acknowledging that he has no good apart from Him.

David states his loyalty to God and says that because God is near, he will not be shaken. David remembers God’s faithfulness and praises Him, saying His presence brings fullness of joy. 

Psalm 16:8 - I have set the Lord always before me; because he is at my right hand, I shall not be shaken.

PSALM 17

IN THE SHADOW OF YOUR WINGS

David calls upon God to attend to his cries for help. David stands firm in keeping God’s instructions, avoiding violence, and speaking truth. 

David pleads for God’s protection and asks Him to demonstrate His wondrous and steadfast love.

Psalm 17:15 - As for me, I shall behold your face in righteousness; when I awake, I shall be satisfied with your likeness.

PSALM 18

THE LORD IS MY ROCK AND MY FORTRESS

David praises God for being his protection, calling God his rock, fortress, and deliverer. David glorifies God for keeping him innocent and guiltless amid trials. 

Although he had the opportunity to kill Saul on two separate occasions, David knew God would reward his faithfulness. David says that God equipped him with strength and made his way blameless. David knows that although he did the right thing, it was God’s strength that allowed him to be faithful. 

The psalm wraps up with David's affirmation that God will show steadfast love to both the appointed and the descendants of David. It is indeed a profound truth, since Jesus traces His lineage back to David.

Psalm 18:30 - This God — his way is perfect; the word of the Lord proves true; he is a shield for all those who take refuge in him.

PSALM 19

THE LAW OF THE LORD IS PERFECT

David praises the Word of God, speaking of its power and perfection. He knows that Scripture is reviving to the soul and enlightening to the eyes. David describes God’s Word as more desirable than gold and sweeter than honey. 

David notices how the heavens proclaim God’s glory and creation displays His power. Trusting God’s discernment, David prays for all his thoughts and words to be acceptable to God. 

Psalm 19:14 - Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart be acceptable in your sight, O Lord, my rock and my redeemer.

PSALM 20

TRUST IN THE NAME OF THE LORD OUR GOD

David sings of God’s trustworthiness and faithfulness, noting that while some trust in chariots and horses, God’s people have been victorious because of His power. David knows that trusting in God has led the Israelites to both contentment and victory. 

Psalm 20:4 - May he grant you your heart's desire and fulfill all your plans!

PSALM 21

THE KING REJOICES IN THE LORD’S STRENGTH

David praises God for sustaining him and keeping His promise to anoint him as King of Israel. God has spared David’s life many times, allowing him to fulfill the role that God has appointed for him. 

David’s journey to the throne is tumultuous, but he praises God for establishing him and keeping His promises! This psalm serves as a reminder both to cry out to God in times of need and thank Him in times of provision. 

Psalm 21:13 - Be exalted, O Lord, in your strength! We will sing and praise your power.

PSALM 22

WHY HAVE YOU FORSAKEN ME?

David cries out to God, asking why he has been forsaken. Jesus recites this verse on the cross as He is crucified (Matthew 27:46, Mark 15:34). David describes his pain as having his hands and feet pierced, a pain that Jesus experienced on the cross, and his clothing divided by casting lots, foretelling how Jesus’s clothes were divided among the Roman soldiers at the crucifixion (Matthew 27, Mark 15, Luke 23)

David is deeply distressed and refers to himself as a worm instead of a person. He feels far from God and desires God’s nearness and comfort. 

Acknowledging that the Israelites before him trusted God and were not put to shame, David knows that God was faithful to his ancestors. 

Psalm 22:5 - To you they cried and were rescued; in you they trusted and were not put to shame.

PSALM 23

THE LORD IS MY SHEPHERD 

One of the most widely known passages of Scripture, Psalm 23 is a comforting reminder of God’s protection and care for His people. David writes that God is his shepherd, a metaphor that David personally relates to as a protector and provider for sheep. 

David expresses that he lacks nothing, showing how fulfillment and completion are found in God’s presence. David also speaks of the rest and restoration that God brings, making him lie down in green pastures and restoring his soul. He says that even though he walks through the valley of death, he will not fear because God is with him.

David experienced oppression and despair before his reign as king, but he trusted God. Now David declares that God prepared a table before him in the presence of his enemies and anointed his head with oil. 

Psalm 23:4 - Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for you are with me; your rod and your staff, they comfort me.

PSALM 24

THE KING OF GLORY

David praises God, declaring that He is the King of Glory. Similar to Psalm 15, David says that those who have clean hands and a pure heart will be the ones to stand in God’s holy place. David praises God’s great creation, saying He founded the earth upon the seas and established it on the rivers. God is Ruler, King, and Creator! 

Psalm 24:7 - Lift up your heads, gates! And be lifted up, ancient doors, that the King of glory may come in.

PSALM 25

TEACH ME YOUR PATHS

Aware that following God’s wisdom will bring him blamelessness and closeness to God, David asks God to teach him the way of righteousness. David asks God to focus on His steadfast love instead of David’s past transgressions.  

In verse 14, David describes the friendship of the Lord as a secret council for those with whom His covenant is made known, and makes it known that he wants a relationship with God that is close and intimate. David ends the psalm by sharing his troubles with God and asking Him to redeem the nation of Israel. 

Psalm 25:1 - To you, O Lord, I lift up my soul.

PSALM 26

I WILL BLESS THE LORD

David praises God as the source of his integrity. David is surrounded by wickedness and evil. Although David has shortcomings, he continually returns to his faith in God. David speaks of hypocrites and evildoers, some of whom have been trying to kill David. David blesses God for the ways He has sustained him and been gracious to him. 

Psalm 26:3 - For your steadfast love is before my eyes, and I walk in your faithfulness.

PSALM 27

THE LORD IS MY LIGHT AND SALVATION

David trusts that God will lead him to success over his enemies, trusting that his adversaries and foes will stumble and fall. 

David asks to dwell in the house of the Lord all the days of his life. He confidently makes his requests known to God and wants to be near Him. Even in tumultuous times, David says that he will wait for the Lord and let his heart take courage in God. 

Psalm 27:1 - The Lord is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear? The Lord is the stronghold of my life; of whom shall I be afraid?

PSALM 28

THE LORD IS MY STRENGTH AND SHIELD 

David refers to God as his rock, his strength, and his shield. David wants the righteous to be rewarded and the evil to be punished according to God’s rule. David asks God to be the shepherd for His people and carry them forever. David knows that his only hope for righteousness is dependence on God. 

Psalm 28:9 - Oh, save your people and bless your heritage! Be their shepherd and carry them forever.

PSALM 29

ASCRIBE GLORY TO THE LORD

David praises God for His majestic and powerful voice, declaring God’s power over creation. Knowing God’s voice and ascribing to His word, David takes refuge in God and asks God to bless Israel.

Psalm 29:4 - The voice of the Lord is powerful; the voice of the Lord is full of majesty.

PSALM 30

JOY COMES WITH THE MORNING 

David wrote this psalm as a song during the dedication of the temple, an exciting and hopeful day in Israel. David sings of when he has called to God for help and giving thanks to God for rescuing him. Pleads for mercy again, David asks God to be faithful to him. And ends the song by rejoicing in God’s goodness, saying that his mourning was turned to dancing! 

Psalm 30:5 - For his anger is but for a moment, and his favor is for a lifetime. Weeping may tarry for the night, but joy comes with the morning.

PSALM 31

INTO YOUR HAND I COMMIT MY SPIRIT

David is lamenting his distressful situation, possibly hiding from Saul as Saul tries to take David’s life. David weeps and mourns so much that his eyes, body, and soul feel wasted in grief. 

In verse 5 David says, “Into your hands, I commit my spirit,” telling God he trusts Him with this life. Jesus quotes these words in some of His final breaths on the cross! 

Psalm 31:9 - Oh, how abundant is your goodness, which you have stored up for those who fear you and worked for those who take refuge in you, in the sight of the children of mankind!

PSALM 32

BLESSED ARE THE FORGIVEN

David praises God for His mercy and forgiveness. When David kept his sins to himself, he felt like his bones were wasting away. He has experienced the freedom that comes from confessing and confronting his sin and sees God as his preservation and hiding place. 

David calls for everyone who is godly to offer prayers of confession to God. He does not want to be like a mule who must have a bit and bridle to force its every move, but instead he desires to keep his eyes on God and trust His counsel. 

Psalm 32:7 - You are a hiding place for me; you preserve me from trouble; you surround me with shouts of deliverance.

PSALM 33

THE STEADFAST LOVE OF THE LORD

The psalmist rejoices in God’s steadfast love, praising God for His reign over the Earth. This psalm calls all people to rejoice and declares that the nation that puts their faith in God is blessed. Praise both honors God and brings gladness to the believer.  

The psalmist depicts God looking down from heaven, observing all of His children whom He loves. Knowing God looks kindly on us, we can rejoice that our souls wait for Him and our hearts are glad in Him! 

Psalm 33:1 - Shout for joy in the Lord, O you righteous! Praise befits the upright.

PSALM 34

TASTE AND SEE THAT THE LORD IS GOOD

David reminds himself that he has sought out God and God has responded. When feeling despair, sometimes we need reminders of ways God has answered our prayers before to help us trust Him again. David says, “Taste and see that the Lord is good!” reminding us to experience and remember the goodness and nearness of God (v 8). 

David says that the righteous will be delivered from their fears (v 4) and their afflictions (v 19). God protects us from both our worries and our realities. 

In verse 10, David says that those who seek the Lord lack no good thing, reminding us that knowing God is the best way to an abundant life.  

Psalm 34:18 - The Lord is near to the brokenhearted and saves the crushed in spirit.

PSALM 35

GREAT IS THE LORD

David asks God to remind him of His greatness, asking Him to remind his soul of His salvation. Although he trusts God, David is aware that his soul needs reminding. 

David begs God to fight against those who fight against him. David is confident that God will protect him and plans on praising God for delivering him. 

Psalm 35:28 - Then my tongue shall tell of your righteousness and of your praise all the day long.

PSALM 36

HOW PRECIOUS IS YOUR STEADFAST LOVE

This psalm describes a wicked man, saying his words are deceitful and his ways are not good. In contrast, David tells of God’s steadfast love and faithfulness. David knows that evildoers will ultimately be struck down and God will delight in the righteous. David asks God to deliver him from arrogance and wickedness. 

Psalm 36:5 - Your steadfast love, O Lord, extends to the heavens, your faithfulness to the clouds.

PSALM 37

HE WILL NOT FORSAKE HIS SAINTS

David encourages the reader to not be envious of people who are evildoers, for they will wither and fade like the grass. Instead, he believes that trusting in God and delighting in the Lord will fulfill the desires of your heart. 

David trusts that those who follow God and commit their ways to Him will inherit the land and dwell in abundant peace. He has seen in his own life how God has established his steps when he has delighted in God’s way. 

Psalm 37:4 - Delight yourself in the Lord, and he will give you the desires of your heart.

PSALM 38

DO NOT FORSAKE ME, O LORD

David pleads with God to not rebuke him in anger or discipline him with wrath. David is aware of his sin, so he confesses and repents before God. David asks God to save him and be near him, regardless of the weight of his sin. When his strength has failed him, he relies on God to be his strength and salvation. 

Psalm 38:9 - O Lord, all my longing is before you; my sighing is not hidden from you.

PSALM 39

WHAT IS THE MEASURE OF MY DAYS?

David wrestles with his mortality and fleeting time on earth, saying his life is like a mere shadow or breath. When David was silent around wickedness, his anguish grew worse. David asks God to listen to his cry before his short life is over. 

Psalm 39:4 - O Lord, make me know my end and what is the measure of my days; let me know how fleeting I am!

PSALM 40

MY HELP AND MY DELIVERER 

David praises God as his help and his deliverer. Similar to the many years he waited to be king of Israel, David waits patiently for God. David knows that God delights in our affections more than our sacrifices.

Psalm 40:8 - I delight to do your will, O my God; your law is within my heart.

PSALM 41

O LORD, BE GRACIOUS TO ME

David writes of God’s kindness and blessing to those who consider and help those in need. Knowing that God is gracious and generous, David asks God to sustain and heal him. 

David feels alone and longs for God's closeness. When David says “even my close friend in whom I trusted, who ate my bread, has lifted his heel against me,” he paints an image of the future betrayal of Jesus by His disciple Judas. (Matthew 26, Mark 14, Luke 22). 

Psalm 41:11 - By this I know that you delight in me: my enemy will not shout in triumph over me.

PSALM 42

WHY ARE YOU CAST DOWN, O MY SOUL?

This psalm, written by the sons of Korah, describes longing for God in the same way a deer pants for water. The author is distressed and questions the turmoil within his soul. Even in times of trouble, this psalm shows how God can be praised and trusted. 

Psalm 42:5 - Why are you cast down, O my soul, and why are you in turmoil within me? Hope in God; for I shall again praise him, my salvation.

PSALM 43

SEND OUT YOUR LIGHT AND TRUTH

The psalmist cries out to God asking for protection from ungodly and deceitful people. Even when feeling rejected by God, the author acknowledges His Word as a source of truth and authority. 

Psalm 43:3 - Send out your light and your truth; let them lead me; let them bring me to your holy hill and to your dwelling!

PSALM 44

COME TO OUR HELP

Giving glory to God, the author attributes Israel’s victories to God. This feeling of pride and glory is quickly replaced with feelings of rejection and abandonment over Israel’s more recent losses. The Israelites were once known as God’s people, but are now embarrassed and feel like the laughingstock of the people. 

The author calls out to God, accusing Him of forgetting or betraying the Israelites. The psalm ends with a plea for help and rescue. 

Psalm 44:8 - In God we have boasted continually, and we will give thanks to your name forever.

PSALM 45

YOUR THRONE, O GOD, IS FOREVER

Although this psalm is a love song, created for the King of Tyre, it also praises God and His kingship. The author acknowledges that God’s reign is greater than any earthly king. 

Psalm 45:6 - Your throne, O God, is forever and ever. The scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of uprightness.

PSALM 46

GOD IS OUR FORTRESS

God is our refuge and strength, always present in times of trouble. Because of God’s presence, there is no need to fear despite the circumstances. One day, God will be exalted throughout the earth! 

Psalm 46:10 - Be still, and know that I am God. I will be exalted among the nations, I will be exalted in the earth!

PSALM 47

GOD IS KING OVER ALL THE EARTH

This psalm encourages the people of Israel to praise God as King over all the earth. This praise to God isn’t to be done inwardly or with silence but with singing, clapping, and trumpets playing. 

Psalm 47:7 - For God is the King of all the earth; sing praises with a psalm!

PSALM 48

ZION, THE CITY OF OUR GOD

This psalm praises God for His greatness, honoring Him as the establisher and sustainer of faith. Praise of God’s name will reach the ends of the earth! God serves as our guide forever, and we are to tell the next generation of His love! 

Psalm 48:10 - As your name, O God, so your praise reaches to the ends of the earth. Your right hand is filled with righteousness.

PSALM 49

WHY SHOULD I FEAR IN TIMES OF TROUBLE? 

This psalm focuses on the value of wisdom and understanding. The writer questions the reason for worrying in times of trouble, knowing most everything is out of our control. After seeing people cling to their wealth as a source of safety, the author believes life is best spent knowing and praising God. Like the words of Ecclesiastes, this psalm acknowledges that both the wise and the foolish will eventually face death.

Psalm 49:3 - My mouth shall speak wisdom; the meditation of my heart shall be understanding.

PSALM 50

GOD HIMSELF IS JUDGE

Asaph writes of God’s ultimate judgment, acknowledging Him as the ruler and authority over all things. Because God is the creator and sustainer of all things, God does not need cows and sheep as sacrifices. Instead, God wants our hearts, attention, and praise above all else. This verse reiterates 1 Samuel 15:22, where Samuel states that God delights in obedience more than burnt offerings. 

Psalm 50:6 - The heavens declare his righteousness, for God himself is judge!

PSALM 51

CREATE IN ME A CLEAN HEART, O GOD 

In response to the prophet Nathan confronting David (2 Samuel 11–12), David asks God for mercy and forgiveness for his sinfulness concerning Bathsheba. David asks God to restore the joy of His salvation and sustain a willing spirit within him. David acknowledges both the severity of his sin and the power of God’s redemption. 

Psalm 51:10 - Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a right spirit within me.

PSALM 52

THE STEADFAST LOVE OF GOD ENDURES FOREVER

David trusts that God's steadfast love will endure forever. Knowing God will break them down, David speaks against men who boast of evil and delight in wrongdoing. Similarly, David warns of trusting in riches over taking refuge in God. 

Psalm 52:1 - Why do you boast of evil, O mighty man? The steadfast love of God endures all the day.

PSALM 53

THERE IS NONE WHO DOES GOOD

Reflecting on the evil in the world, David emphasizes the need for God’s salvation. David speaks of the person who says that there is no God, calling them a fool. Although David is distressed by the evil corruption and faithlessness surrounding him, he knows God will ultimately provide salvation! 

Psalm 53:6 - Oh, that salvation for Israel would come out of Zion! When God restores the fortunes of his people, let Jacob rejoice, let Israel be glad.

PSALM 54

THE LORD UPHOLDS MY LIFE

When the Ziphites reveal David’s hiding place to Saul (1 Samuel 26), David responds by asking God for protection. David reassures himself that God has provided for him before and that God will continue to be his help in times of need. 

Psalm 54:7 - For he has delivered me from every trouble, and my eye has looked in triumph on my enemies.

PSALM 55

CAST YOUR BURDENS ON THE LORD

Overwhelmed with horror and trembling in fear, David casts his burdens and anxieties on the Lord. Even in times of distress, David calls out to God to redeem his soul in safety. Although this psalm starts with panic, David is consoled by God’s ardent comfort. 

Psalm 55:22 - Cast your burden on the Lord, and he will sustain you; he will never permit the righteous to be moved.

PSALM 56

IN GOD I TRUST

Despite being attacked and trampled by his enemies, David continues to trust in God. David feels God's nearness, even in his difficult circumstances. He uses the imagery of God keeping his tears in a bottle, showing his intimate relationship with both God and his emotions.  

Psalm 56:11 - In God I trust; I shall not be afraid. What can man do to me?

PSALM 57

LET YOUR GLORY BE OVER ALL THE EARTH

1 Samuel 22 tells of David hiding for his life in a cave, attempting to avoid Saul. In his time of refuge, David wrote this psalm asking God to bring mercy and deliverance. David trusts that God will fulfill His purposes with his life. Even in desperate circumstances, David trusts that God will carry His plans to completion and glorifies God’s steadfast love and faithfulness. 

Psalm 57:11 - Be exalted, O God, above the heavens! Let your glory be over all the earth!

PSALM 58

GOD WHO JUDGES THE EARTH

David speaks on the righteousness of God’s judgment in contrast to the evil and injustice on earth. David has harsh, extreme words for the wicked, saying they are like snails that dissolve into slime. Throughout his life, David has been chased down and threatened by violent, ungodly men, which leads him to cry out to God pleading for the righteous to be rewarded. 

Psalm 58:11 - Mankind will say, “Surely there is a reward for the righteous; surely there is a God who judges on earth.”

PSALM 59

DELIVER ME FROM MY ENEMIES

David implores God to deliver him from his enemies and protect him against those who rise in opposition against him. David trusts that God will not spare those who treacherously plot evil and instead will laugh at their poor attempts of wickedness. 

Trusting in God’s divine deliverance, David expresses his belief that he will look upon his enemies in triumph. Even while David’s life is in danger, he sings of God’s strength and steadfast love. 

Psalm 59:16 - But I will sing of your strength; I will sing aloud of your steadfast love in the morning. For you have been to me a fortress and a refuge in the day of my distress.

PSALM 60

GOD WILL TREAD DOWN OUR FOES

Because of the staggering hardship of God’s people, David feels rejected by God. 

David recalls God’s Word, comparing the kingdom of Moab to a washbasin, an insignificant and lowly object. In contrast, the tribe of Judah is referred to as God’s scepter, a symbol of authority and power. Despite God’s anger towards Israel’s rebellion, God will ultimately bring a Savior from the line of Judah who will have the final victory over sin and death.  

Psalm 60:1 - O God, you have rejected us, broken our defenses; you have been angry; oh, restore us.

PSALM 61

LEAD ME TO THE ROCK

David sings of God’s goodness, referring to God as a rock on higher ground. Promising to praise God’s name forever, David asks God to prolong his life and reflects on how God has heard his vows and been faithful to his ancestors. 

Psalm 61:2-3 - From the end of the earth I call to you when my heart is faint. Lead me to the rock that is higher than I, for you have been my refuge, a strong tower against the enemy. 

PSALM 62

MY SOUL WAITS FOR GOD ALONE

Much of David’s life consisted of waiting on and trusting in God. Because of this, God has proven to David that He is a trustworthy, consistent, and safe place of refuge. During his times of waiting, David learned the power of God’s voice and chose to listen.  

Because of his confidence in God, David sings for all people to place their trust in Him. 

Psalm 62:1 - For God alone my soul waits in silence; from him comes my salvation.

PSALM 63

MY SOUL THIRSTS FOR YOU

While hiding from Saul in the wilderness, David tells God that his soul thirsts for Him, and his flesh faints for Him. David recalls God’s steadfast love, describing it as better than life. 

David praises God for all that He has done for him, saying his soul clings to God while God upholds him. 

Psalm 63:3 - Because your steadfast love is better than life, my lips will praise you.

PSALM 64

HIDE ME FROM THE WICKED

David sings to God asking for his life to be preserved and spared from the plots of the wicked who want to kill him. David calls for all righteous people, including himself, to rejoice in the Lord and exalt Him. Instead of taking things into his own hands, David trusts God to bring them to ruin. 

Psalm 64:10 - Let the righteous one rejoice in the Lord and take refuge in him! Let all the upright in heart exult!

PSALM 65

GOD OF OUR SALVATION

This psalm of David praises God for being the creator and sustainer of the earth, ruling over the roaring seas. David speaks of God’s forgiving nature, saying that his transgressions have been atoned for. Although this was written hundreds of years before Jesus would atone for all sin on the cross, David knows the character of God is still loving despite sin. 

David acknowledges that God not only hears prayers but is moving in awesome, righteous ways. 

Psalm 65:3 - When iniquities prevail against me, you atone for our transgressions.

PSALM 66

HOW AWESOME ARE YOUR DEEDS

This anonymous psalm praises God for His awesome deeds and glorious name. Like many other psalms, this passage recalls God’s provision for the Israelites crossing the Red Sea to escape the Egyptians. Not only does this psalmist speak of what God has done for the nation, he gives insight into what God has done for him personally. 

Psalm 66:16 - Come and hear, all you who fear God, and I will tell what he has done for my soul.

PSALM 67

MAKE YOUR FACE SHINE UPON US

This psalm was written to be sung and played with stringed instruments to praise God and make His name known. 

This psalm shares similar language to the priestly blessing in Numbers 6:24-26, which says “The Lord bless you and keep you; the Lord make his face shine on you and be gracious to you; the Lord turn his face toward you and give you peace.”

Psalm 67:1-2 - May God be gracious to us and bless us and make his face to shine upon us, that your way may be known on earth, your saving power among all nations. 

PSALM 68

GOD SHALL SCATTER HIS ENEMIES

David writes of God’s great power, saying He will scatter all of his enemies and drive away the wicked. David blesses God and praises Him as his deliverer and God of salvation.

Like the language of the prophecy and promise of God in Genesis 3:15, David says that God will strike the head of his enemies. 

Psalm 68:1 - God shall arise, his enemies shall be scattered; and those who hate him shall flee before him!

PSALM 69

SAVE ME, O GOD

Because David has more enemies than hairs on his head, David feels defeated and distressed. Although David is experiencing shame, scorn, and heartbreak, he still trusts God’s steadfast love. David asks for God to take out His indignation on his enemies and believes God will enact justice. 

David references being given sour wine to drink when he is desperate for thirst. Many years later, Jesus is given vinegar for His thirst in His dying moments on the cross (Matthew 27:34-35). 

 Psalm 69:21 - They gave me poison for food, and for my thirst they gave me sour wine to drink.

PSALM 70

O LORD, DO NOT DELAY

David trusts God to save him but is questioning His timing, asking God to make haste or hurry. David praises God’s greatness but begs Him not to delay His faithfulness. 

Psalm 70:4 - May all who seek you rejoice and be glad in you! May those who love your salvation say evermore, “God is great!”

PSALM 71

DON’T FORSAKE ME WHEN MY STRENGTH IS SPENT

This anonymous psalm praises God for His righteousness, refuge, and strength. The author asks God to deliver him from his wicked enemies and to carry out justice for their wrongdoing. 

This psalm acknowledges that God has been continually present and carried him throughout his life. The author, even in old age, continues to trust God’s purposes and plans. 

Psalm 71:5 - For you, O Lord, are my hope, my trust, O Lord, from my youth.

PSALM 72

GIVE THE KING YOUR JUSTICE

Solomon wrote this psalm, asking God for wisdom to display justice and righteousness. Because of 1 Kings 3, we know that God answered this prayer by giving Solomon wisdom as well as wealth and a long life. 

Solomon shows humility by asking God for guidance during his kingship and acknowledges that the authority of his kingship is nothing compared to God’s heavenly reign. 

Psalm 72:11 - May all kings fall down before him, all nations serve him!

PSALM 73

GOD IS MY STRENGTH AND PORTION FOREVER 

Asaph, one of the psalmists, writes of God’s goodness in his life. Asaph recalls some close calls with calamity, saying his feet have almost stumbled and his steps had nearly slipped as he grappled with the prosperity of the wicked. 

Asaph remembers his bitterness and ignorance, claiming that he was beast-like towards God. He experienced an extreme transformation by knowing God and desiring God’s nearness above all else.  

Psalm 73:26 - My flesh and my heart may fail, but God is the strength of my heart and my portion forever.

PSALM 74

ARISE, O GOD, DEFEND YOUR CAUSE

Asaph, the author, tells of the destruction of the temple during the time Israel was being invaded by the Babylonians. Calling out for God’s attention, Asaph mourns over the state of God’s dwelling place in Jerusalem and how their enemies scoff at Judah’s despair.  

Although the situation appears hopeless, the psalmist remembers what God has done for the Israelites in the past and believes He is both sovereign and good. Asaph pleads for God to rescue those who turn to Him and remember His covenant love for Israel. 

Psalm 74:12 - Yet God my King is from of old, working salvation in the midst of the earth.

PSALM 75

GOD WILL JUDGE WITH EQUITY

Asaph sings of God’s judgment, warning people not to boast in their righteousness. This psalm thanks God, praises God, and honors God’s authority and power. The psalm ends by saying that the wicked will be cut off, but the righteous will be lifted up.

Psalm 75:1 - We give thanks to you, O God; we give thanks, for your name is near. We recount your wondrous deeds.

PSALM 76

WHO CAN STAND BEFORE YOU?

Asaph signs a song of worship, meant to be accompanied by string instruments, about God’s power and majesty. God alone is to be worshiped with awe! God will save those who are humble before Him. 

Psalm 76:1 - In Judah God is known; his name is great in Israel.

PSALM 77

IN THE DAY OF TROUBLE, I SEEK THE LORD

Asaph experiences deep distress and trouble and says that his soul refuses to be comforted. He knows that remembering God’s faithfulness will give him confidence for the future, so Asaph aims to remember the works of God and meditate on His mighty deeds. 

Psalm 77:15 - You with your arm redeemed your people, the children of Jacob and Joseph.

PSALM 78

TELL THE COMING GENERATION

Asaph speaks of God’s provision and glorious deeds, hoping to encourage and educate the future generation. Asaph covers a lot of Israel’s history in this psalm, praising God for all He has done and reminding future generations to remain faithful

Asaph includes many miraculous acts of God, such as sending the plagues to Egypt (Exodus 8–10), leading the Israelites through the wilderness by a cloud and fire (Exodus 13), dividing the Red Sea and allowing the Israelites to cross (Exodus 14), and providing manna and water in the wilderness (Exodus 16–17). 

Psalm 78:4 - We will not hide them from their children, but tell to the coming generation the glorious deeds of the Lord, and his might, and the wonders that he has done.

PSALM 79

HOW LONG, O LORD? 

This psalm laments the destruction of Jerusalem and the temple. Blood has poured out of Jerusalem like water and the people are left with nowhere to turn. The author questions how long God will be angry with the other nations who have overthrown and destroyed Jerusalem. The psalmist Asaph wonders if God will also show His vengeance on Israel’s enemies. 

Asaph asks God for compassion and forgiveness. Not only will this help the Israelites, but it also honors God’s name and authority. Asaph wants to see God’s redemptive power in action and cries out to God to save those who are doomed to death. 

Psalm 79:13 - But we your people, the sheep of your pasture, will give thanks to you forever; from generation to generation we will recount your praise.

PSALM 80

RESTORE US, O GOD

This prayer asks God to restore the nation of Israel and bring an end to their hardships. Jerusalem is compared to a vine that God brought out of Egypt, planted, and sustained. The Israelites want to see God’s face and experience His glory. 

Psalm 80:3 - Restore us, O God; let your face shine, that we may be saved!

PSALM 81

OH, THAT MY PEOPLE WOULD LISTEN TO ME

This psalm calls for the Israelites to praise God with trumpets, harps, and tambourines! They know that God is worth praising for all He has done for Israel. This psalm also issues a reminder or warning, reminding the Israelites to follow God and keep the covenant. 

Psalm 81:1-2 - Sing aloud to God our strength; shout for joy to the God of Jacob! Raise a song; sound the tambourine, the sweet lyre with the harp.

PSALM 82

RESCUE THE WEAK AND NEEDY

This short psalm calls upon God, asking Him to be the judge of humanity. Earthly leaders and false gods are powerless and ignorant compared to God. The psalmist knows that God will ultimately reign over everything. 

Psalm 82:4 - Rescue the weak and the needy; deliver them from the hand of the wicked.

PSALM 83

O GOD, DO NOT KEEP SILENCE

The psalmist cries out to God in anguish over the many enemies of Israel, asking God to defeat them and turn them into dust. Although God has been sovereign over Israel, the Israelites have been attacked by many opposing nations. This psalm is a reminder that God’s people do not always lead easier lives with less hardship. 

Psalm 83:18 - …that they may know that you alone, whose name is the Lord, are the Most High over all the earth.

PSALM 84

MY SOUL LONGS FOR THE COURTS OF THE LORD

This psalm describes longing for being in God’s dwelling place, claiming that one day in God’s court is better than a thousand elsewhere. The author writes that no good thing is withheld from those who are righteous and upright. This psalmist shows confidence in God’s presence as the greatest source of joy! 

Psalm 84:2 - My soul longs, yes, faints for the courts of the Lord; my heart and flesh sing for joy to the living God.

PSALM 85

REVIVE US AGAIN

The Israelites praise God for the land He has provided them and ask God to continue His faithfulness. They ask God to restore them, acknowledging that they are the ones in need of change, not God. 

Psalm 85:7 - Show us your steadfast love, O Lord, and grant us your salvation.

PSALM 86

GREAT IS YOUR STEADFAST LOVE

David prays, asking God to hear and answer him. David petitions God to preserve his life and gladden his soul. Knowing his life has been spared by God’s goodness and forgiveness, David remains dependent on God. He desires to be obedient and asks God to teach him to walk in truth.

Psalm 86:11 - Teach me your way, O Lord, that I may walk in your truth; unite my heart to fear your name.

PSALM 87

GLORIOUS THINGS ARE SAID ABOUT YOU

This psalm speaks of the glory of God’s presence, while also celebrating the honor and significance of Jerusalem as the city of God's foundation. Singers and dancers alike point to God as the source of beauty and creativity. 

Psalm 87:1 - On the holy mount stands the city He founded.

PSALM 88

I CRY OUT DAY AND NIGHT BEFORE YOU

As an example of bringing despair and depression before God, the author of this psalm believes he is as good as dead. The author both refers to God as his salvation and also blames God for his misfortune. This psalm highlights the internal struggle of viewing God as both merciful and vengeful when evaluating one’s own circumstances. 

The author questions God, asking if steadfast love is declared in the grave. What the author doesn’t know is that God does work wonders in the grave, and His steadfast love would later be declared in the empty grave of Christ. 

Psalm 88:10 - Do you work wonders for the dead? Do the departed rise up to praise you?

PSALM 89

I WILL SING OF THE STEADFAST LOVE OF THE LORD 

The author praises God for establishing David and his kingdom, emphasizing God's faithfulness and eternal promises to David's lineage and the hope of a future king. This psalm reflects upon the brevity of human life in contrast with the eternal nature of God. 

Psalm 89:29 - I will establish his offspring forever and his throne as the days of the heavens.

PSALM 90

FROM EVERLASTING TO EVERLASTING 

Moses reflects on the faithfulness and power God has displayed throughout his life. Moses refers to God as the dwelling place of generations, showing how both God has drawn near to Moses, and Moses has drawn near to God. Moses recalls God sweeping away their enemies in a flood, possibly referring to the Egyptians drowning in the Red Sea in Exodus 14.

Considering God’s mercy and forgiveness, Moses writes that the iniquities of the Israelites are set out before God and their secret sins are in the light of God’s presence. Despite knowing the severity of their sinfulness, God pursues the Israelite people. Moses asks God for discernment and a heart of wisdom. Knowing that the Israelites would have many challenging years of suffering, Moses asked God to make them glad for as many days as they were afflicted. 

Psalm 90:12 - So teach us to number our days that we may get a heart of wisdom.

PSALM 91

MY REFUGE AND MY FORTRESS

The author of this psalm praises God for His protection, referring to Him as a refuge and fortress. This psalm acknowledges present troubles while remaining hopeful for future victory. 

In Genesis 3:15, God promises that although the enemy will strike our heel, his head will eventually be crushed. This verse is speaking of Jesus as the one who will crush the enemy’s head and His ultimate victory over sin and death. Psalm 91:13 is a reminder of this, saying the serpent will be trampled underfoot.

Psalm 91:9-10 - Because you have made the Lord your dwelling place— the Most High, who is my refuge - no evil shall be allowed to befall you, no plague come near your tent.

PSALM 92

HOW GREAT ARE YOUR WORKS

This psalm was written for the Sabbath, reminding the Israelites to observe this day in honor of God. It contains great advice for the Sabbath day, telling the Israelites to praise God and give thanks, declaring God’s love in the morning and His faithfulness at night. 

This psalm offers encouragement to the righteous, saying they will flourish like a palm tree and continue to be fruitful in old age. The author believes our lives are best spent praising God. 

Psalm 92:4 - For you, O Lord, have made me glad by your work; at the works of your hands I sing for joy.

PSALM 93

THE LORD REIGNS

This psalm is a declaration of God’s kingship, saying the Lord reigns throned in majesty! He is mightier than all the obstacles and opposition of the Israelites. God’s decrees are trustworthy, and His house is holy. 

Psalm 93:4 - Mightier than the thunders of many waters, mightier than the waves of the sea, the Lord on high is mighty!

PSALM 94

THE LORD WILL NOT FORSAKE HIS PEOPLE

This anonymous psalm calls upon God’s wrath and judgment for those who are wicked. This psalmist prays for God’s vengeance upon those who have been evil towards God’s people. 

Although this psalm portrays God as intense and vindictive, it also notes that those who are disciplined by God are blessed. The author points out that God’s wrath is for those who are evil, while His corrective discipline is for the benefit of His people. God amends the ways of those He loves but rebukes and punishes those who oppose Him. 

Psalm 94:15 - For the LORD will not forsake his people; for justice will return to the righteous, and all the upright in heart will follow it. 

PSALM 95

LET US SING SONGS OF PRAISE

This anonymous psalm of praise calls believers to make a joyful noise to God in response to His salvation. God is praised for His vast creation; the depths and heights of the world fit within His hands. 

This psalm serves as a warning against hardened hearts that ignore the voice of God. Those who are attentive to God’s voice will enter into the rest and peace that He offers. 

Psalm 95:3 - For the Lord is a great God, and a great King above all gods.

PSALM 96

WORSHIP IN THE SPLENDOR OF HOLINESS 

This psalm is one of praise, honoring God’s creation and rule over earth. Recognizing that all other gods are worthless idols, this psalm declares that God alone is worthy of worship. Strength and beauty are found in God’s sanctuary. 

Psalm 96:11 - Let the heavens be glad, and let the earth rejoice; let the sea roar, and all that fills it;

PSALM 97

LET THE EARTH REJOICE 

This psalm rejoices in God’s ultimate authority and His endless reign. Because God’s throne is made of justice and righteousness, we can rejoice in His kingship! This psalm warns of the consequences of idol worship and says that all worshippers of worthless idols or images are put to shame. The author of this psalm calls the people who love God to also hate evil. 

Psalm 97:2 - Clouds and thick darkness are all around him; righteousness and justice are the foundation of his throne.

PSALM 98

MAKE A JOYFUL NOISE TO THE LORD

This anonymous psalm is one of praise, calling God’s people to sing and play instruments to praise God. Not only are God’s people called to sing a new song to God using trumpets and lyres, but the psalmist declares that God’s creation will also praise Him—the seas will roar, the rivers will clap, and the hills will sing with joy before the Lord. All the Earth will rejoice in God’s goodness and salvation! 

Psalm 98:4 - Make a joyful noise to the Lord, all the earth; break forth into joyous song and sing praises!

PSALM 99

THE LORD OUR GOD IS HOLY

This psalm honors God as an exalted and holy King. The anonymous author recalls how God responded to Jacob, Moses, Aaron, and Samuel with forgiveness in the past, instilling faith in believers that God indeed responds to His people. The psalm also recalls how God spoke to the Israelites through a cloud in the wilderness in Exodus 13. Not only does God draw near to His people, but God is also holy and worthy of our worship! 

Psalm 99:7 - In the pillar of the cloud he spoke to them; they kept his testimonies and the statute that he gave them.

PSALM 100

HIS STEADFAST LOVE ENDURES FOREVER

This short psalm is one of thanksgiving, thanking God for His faithfulness to all generations. The psalmist encourages the reader to enter God’s gates with thanksgiving and His courts with praise! 

Psalm 100:5 - For the Lord is good; his steadfast love endures forever, and his faithfulness to all generations.

PSALM 101

I WILL WALK WITH INTEGRITY

This psalm highlights David’s dedication to walking in righteousness. Although we know David was not perfect, he was a man after God’s heart and pursued integrity. David aims to not set before his eyes anything that is worthless, showing awareness that what he consumes affects his heart. 

Psalm 101:2-3 - I will ponder the way that is blameless. Oh when will you come to me? I will walk with integrity of heart within my house; I will not set before my eyes anything that is worthless. I hate the work of those who fall away; it shall not cling to me.

PSALM 102

THE LORD IS ENTHRONED FOREVER

This psalm focuses on the temporary, fleeting lives of humans in contrast to the eternal presence of God. The psalmist writes that they will wither away like grass, but the Lord is enthroned forever. 

Psalm 102:12 - But you, O Lord, are enthroned forever; you are remembered throughout all generations.

PSALM 103

BLESS THE LORD, O MY SOUL

David praises and honors God, thanking Him for His mercy. David trusts God will show steadfast love to those who fear Him. God’s forgiveness spans further than the East to the West—an immeasurable amount! 

Psalm 103:11-12 - For as high as the heavens are above the earth, so great is his steadfast love toward those who fear him; as far as the east is from the west, so far does he remove our transgressions from us.

PSALM 104

O LORD MY GOD, YOU ARE VERY GREAT

This psalm praises God for His magnificent creations, including the sun and the moon, bread and wine, and plants and animals. The psalmist notices how God provides for everything He has created: water for the trees, mountains for the goats, food for the lions. Focusing on the abundant nature of God, the author notes that the earth is satisfied by the fruit of God’s handiwork. 

Psalm 104:24 - O Lord, how manifold are your works! In wisdom have you made them all; the earth is full of your creatures.

PSALM 105

TELL OF ALL HIS WONDROUS WORKS 

Serving as a summary of Israel’s history, this psalm highlights the ways God has been faithful to His people. Starting with Abraham, God has used this specific family to display His love for and pursuit of humanity. 

Recalling the Exodus account led by Moses, this psalm tells of the plagues and God’s gift of manna in the wilderness. The psalmist offers encouragement to remember God’s previous faithfulness as a source of confidence for God’s faithfulness in the future. 

Psalm 105:42 - For he remembered his holy promise, and Abraham, his servant.

PSALM 106

GIVE THANKS TO THE LORD, FOR HE IS GOOD

Looking back on Israel’s history, this psalm recalls the forgetfulness of the Israelites and the faithfulness of God. The psalmist asks God to remember him and save him like God saved the Israelites from Egypt. He acknowledges that God does not save us because of our works, but instead saves us out of steadfast love and to glorify His name! 

The psalmist also discusses the wrath of God, recalling the plagues and mentioning Dathan who was swallowed up by the earth in Numbers 16. This psalm is a great reminder of the blessings and curses mentioned in Deuteronomy 28, reflecting on both the kindness and the anger of the Lord. 

Psalm 106:8 - Yet he saved them for his name's sake, that he might make known his mighty power.

PSALM 107

LET THE REDEEMED OF THE LORD SAY SO

This psalm thanks God for His redemptive work and challenges those whom He has redeemed to praise Him. The psalmist points out how God satisfies the longing soul and fills the hungry with good things. God draws near to those who seek Him! 

God can deliver people from any sin or circumstance: hunger, thirst, foolishness, rebellion, or whatever oppression they face. The psalmist uses an example of calming the seas. Without knowing it, the psalmist praises Jesus for a future moment when He calms the storm in Matthew 8. 

Psalm 107:29 - He made the storm be still, and the waves of the sea were hushed.

PSALM 108

WITH GOD WE SHALL DO VALIANTLY 

David thanks God for His steadfast love, making a melody by playing the harp and lyre in praise. David sings that God’s love is greater than the heavens and His faithfulness is higher than the clouds. David prays for victory over his enemies and considers the surrounding enemies as insignificant. He knows God is his only hope for salvation, not other people or himself.  

Psalm 108:12 - Oh grant us help against the foe, for vain is the salvation of man!

PSALM 109

HELP ME, O LORD MY GOD 

In this psalm of lament, David cries out to God for help, asking Him to curse his enemies. Although David is the king and can wield his own power over his enemies, he trusts God to bring justice to them. David is struggling, both physically and emotionally. Even in hard times, David honors God by offering Him praise and thanksgiving. 

Psalm 109:21 - But you, O God my Lord, deal on my behalf for your name's sake; because your steadfast love is good, deliver me!

PSALM 110

SIT AT MY RIGHT HAND

The opening verse of this psalm, “The Lord says to my Lord: sit at my right hand,” is a reference to Jesus, who sits at God the Father’s right hand. This position, “at the right hand” is one of honor and authority. This verse is referenced in Mark 16:19, Matthew 22:44, and Luke 22:69. 

Verse four mentions Melchizedek, who was first mentioned in Genesis 14. Melchizedek is both a priest and a king who blessed Abraham and offered him bread and wine. Melchizedek is foreshadowing Christ, who is both the ultimate king and priest, who gave His body and blood for us. 

Through the descendants of Abraham, God is sending someone with more power and authority than David or Melchizedek combined—Jesus! Although this psalm is short, it is filled with powerful promise and prophecy. 

Psalm 110:1 - The Lord says to my Lord: “Sit at my right hand, until I make your enemies your footstool.

PSALM 111

GREAT ARE THE LORD’S WORKS 

This psalm focuses on God’s greatness and the beauty of studying Scripture. God has allowed His wondrous works to be remembered, both for our benefit and His glory. This psalm focuses on the steadfast nature of God and His faithfulness to His covenants. 

The fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom, showing that practicing awe and reverence for God brings understanding. God’s Word brings both wisdom and delight!

Psalm 111:2 - Great are the works of the Lord, studied by all who delight in them.

PSALM 112

THE RIGHTEOUS WILL NEVER BE MOVED

This anonymous psalm describes a righteous person as one who praises the Lord, is generous in spirit, and conducts themselves with righteousness. Similarly to Psalm 111, this psalm attributes blessing and delight to those who fear the Lord. 

Those who follow God are not afraid of bad news, instead their hearts are firm with trust in the Lord. Like the woman in Proverbs 31 who is able to laugh at the days to come, the righteous man described is able to trust God even when disaster strikes. Trusting God brings both confidence and peace. 

Psalm 112:7 - He is not afraid of bad news; his heart is firm, trusting in the Lord.

PSALM 113

WHO IS LIKE THE LORD OUR GOD? 

This psalm glorifies God, honoring Him as set apart from anyone or anything else. There is no one else like God, and He is worth praising from sunrise to sunset. Focusing on God’s generosity, this psalm displays God’s ability to raise up the poor to be among royalty and bring children to the barren. 

Psalm 113:3 - From the rising of the sun to its setting, the name of the Lord is to be praised!

PSALM 114

TREMBLE AT THE PRESENCE OF THE LORD

This short psalm focuses on the presence of God. Judah became His sanctuary and Israel became His dominion, where He dwelt among His people.

After carrying the ark of the covenant through the wilderness, the Israelites are thrilled to have God’s presence resting in Israel. God chose to dwell with His people in Jerusalem. The psalmist describes the earth as trembling at the presence of God, alluding to the parting of the Red Sea (Exodus 14) and the Israelites crossing the Jordan River (Joshua 3). 

Psalm 114:2 - Judah became his sanctuary, Israel his dominion.

PSALM 115

TO YOUR NAME GIVE GLORY 

God’s name deserves glory above any other name. When the Israelites are confronted with having an invisible God, their response is that He resides in the heavens and does as He pleases. 

False gods may be visible, but they are worthless and created only by the work of human hands. Those who worship false gods become like their idols, worthless and ineffective. 

Israel is challenged to worship God alone, trusting in Him as their help and their shield. God has previously blessed Israel and He will continue to bless those who fear Him in awe and reverence. 

Psalm 115:1 - Not to us, O Lord, not to us, but to your name give glory, for the sake of your steadfast love and your faithfulness!

PSALM 116

I LOVE THE LORD

The psalmist writes about his love for the Lord and the many ways God has transformed his life. God has responded to his prayers for mercy and delivered him from death. 

Vowing to walk before the Lord, the psalmist gives thanks to God in response to His care and attentiveness. The psalmist describes the death of the saints as precious to reflect the idea that God values the lives of His people and offers hope for believers in the eternity that awaits them.

Psalm 116:2 - Because he inclined his ear to me, therefore I will call on him as long as I live.

PSALM 117

THE LORD’S FAITHFULNESS ENDURES FOREVER 

The shortest chapter in the entire Bible, Psalm 117 says “Praise the Lord, all nations! Extol him, all people! For great is his steadfast love toward us, and the faithfulness of the Lord endures forever. Praise the Lord!” 

PSALM 118

HIS STEADFAST LOVE ENDURES FOREVER 

Focusing on God’s enduring steadfast love, the psalmist thanks God for His goodness. The author trusts that if God is on his side, no man can stand against him. 

Verse 20 mentions the righteous gate, which Jesus references in Matthew 7:13-14 as the narrow gate in which few will enter. Jesus also references this psalm in Matthew 21:42, saying the stone that builders rejected has become the cornerstone. Jesus was rejected by man, but because of His resurrection, He is the cornerstone of the Christian faith. 

Psalm 118:19 - Open to me the gates of righteousness, that I may enter through them and give thanks to the Lord.

PSALM 119

YOUR WORD IS A LAMP TO MY FEET

Not only is this the longest psalm, but it is also the longest chapter in the entire Bible! Although this psalm is beautiful in English, it is even more impressive in the original language because of the way it is structured by stanzas each starting with a different letter of the Hebrew alphabet, also known as an alphabet poem. 

The opening verse sums up one of the major themes throughout the psalm, that those who walk in God’s ways are blessed. The author treasures God’s Word and stores it within his heart, delighting in truth more than wealth or riches. The psalmist desires to know God intimately and meditates on God’s Word to discern His ways. Another theme throughout this psalm is prioritizing God’s desires above meaningless desires. Verse 37 says “Turn my eyes from looking at worthless things, and give me life in your ways.” 

Verse 105 says “Your word is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path.” The author is led by God’s Word in all that he does. Throughout the psalm, the writer desires God’s wisdom and values His Word above all else.

In Matthew 18, Jesus tells a parable about a sheep that goes astray, and the shepherd leaves the ninety-nine others to find the lost sheep. The psalm ends by saying “I have gone astray like a lost sheep; seek your servant, for I do not forget your commandments.” The psalmist knows that God is on an endless pursuit of humanity and that He seeks us when we wander. 

Psalm 119:89 - Forever, O Lord, your word is firmly fixed in the heavens.

PSALM 120

DELIVER ME, O LORD

Psalms 120-134 are known as the Psalms of ascent, sung by the Israelites as they ascended towards Jerusalem to celebrate the many festival meals. 

This psalm is a cry out to God, asking for deliverance from lying lips and deceitful tongues, possibly a reference to the lies that Saul spoke about David.  

While a lot of psalms and prayers focus on God’s goodness, this one is focused primarily on removing the distress of the Israelites. 

Psalm 120:1  - In my distress I called to the Lord, and he answered me.

PSALM 121

MY HELP COMES FROM THE LORD

This short psalm of ascent, sung by the Israelites on their way to Jerusalem, notes God’s protective nature and affirms Him as the source of their help. 

God does not rest from protecting Israel; He is their constant keeper and guide. The Israelites refer to God as their shade, a reminder of God providing for the Israelites in Exodus 13 with a cloud by day and a fire by night. Any time, day or night, God is preserving them. 

Psalm 121:5 - The Lord is your keeper; the Lord is your shade on your right hand.

PSALM 122

LET US GO TO THE HOUSE OF THE LORD

The Israelites sing on their way to Jerusalem as they go to the house of the Lord. This song is a prayer specifically for peace in Jerusalem, praying over the walls and the towers.  

Psalm 122:7 - Peace be within your walls and security within your towers!

PSALM 123

OUR EYES LOOK TO THE LORD OUR GOD 

This is a song of focus, reminding the Israelites to keep their eyes on God. Knowing how often they forget Him, this song serves as a reminder to lift their eyes to God. 

Psalm 123:1 - To you I lift up my eyes, O you who are enthroned in the heavens!

PSALM 124

OUR HELP IS IN THE NAME OF THE LORD

Remembering all that God has done for them, the Israelites acknowledge that without God, Jerusalem would have been destroyed by their opposition. Rightfully, they give God the credit for their victories! 

The Israelites recall how they would have been swept away in a flood or raging waters without God on their side, remembering God’s provision in Exodus 14 and Joshua 3. 

Psalm 124:8 - Our help is in the name of the Lord, who made heaven and earth.

PSALM 125

THE LORD SURROUNDS HIS PEOPLE 

Knowing the power of abiding in God’s Word, the Israelites compare those who trust in the Lord to Mount Zion, saying they cannot be moved. 

The Israelites plead with God for justice and fairness, asking God to do good to those who are upright and righteous.

Psalm 125:2 - As the mountains surround Jerusalem, so the Lord surrounds his people, from this time forth and forevermore.

PSALM 126

RESTORE OUR FORTUNES, O LORD 

The Israelites call out to God, asking Him to restore their lives with fortune, joy, and laughter. God has done great things for His people, and the Israelites trust that God will continue to do great works that bring them gladness. 

Just as God will restore the exiled Israelites, God will establish them with abundance and prosperity. Although they have sown tears, they will reap a harvest of joy! 

Psalm 126:3 - The Lord has done great things for us; we are glad.

PSALM 127

UNLESS THE LORD BUILDS THE HOUSE

Solomon writes that unless the Lord builds the house, those who built it have labored in vain. Knowing that Solomon built the temple under God’s authority, Solomon deeply believed this truth. His work is for God's glory alone! 

Solomon has experienced the peace of God and is thankful for the rest that He brings. 

Solomon praises God for the children and their heritage. Solomon was one of many sons of David but was the one chosen to be king. Solomon knows that his offspring will be the future line of kings and he takes that legacy seriously. 

Psalm 127:3 - Behold, children are a heritage from the Lord, the fruit of the womb a reward.

PSALM 128

BLESSED IS EVERYONE WHO FEARS THE LORD

In this Psalm, the Israelites are reminded of the blessing and fruitfulness that comes from following God. This serves as both praise to God and a reminder to the Israelites to keep their covenant. 

Psalm 128:1 - Blessed is everyone who fears the Lord, who walks in his ways!

PSALM 129

THEY HAVE AFFLICTED ME FROM MY YOUTH

The Israelites have been afflicted all their lives, but they still remember how God has helped them prevail. This song is a reminder that although we may suffer, God has the ultimate victory, and He is worth praising. 

Psalm 129:4 - The Lord is righteous; he has cut the cords of the wicked.

PSALM 130

MY SOUL WAITS FOR THE LORD 

The Israelites acknowledge that because of God’s forgiveness, they can live with a posture of worship and reverence instead of fear of judgment. There is so much freedom in God’s forgiveness! 

Israel is to hope in the Lord, trusting His steadfast love and plentiful redemption. 

Psalm 130:4 - But with you there is forgiveness, that you may be feared.

PSALM 131

I HAVE CALMED AND QUIETED MY SOUL

David asks God for humility in this song, promising not to occupy himself with things too great or marvelous for him, serving as a reminder to seek God's guidance and not become overly preoccupied with things beyond our grasp.

David says he has calmed and quieted his soul and calls for Israel to put their hope in the Lord. 

Psalm 131:3 - O Israel, hope in the Lord from this time forth and forevermore.

PSALM 132

THE LORD HAS CHOSEN ZION

As a psalm of ascent, the Israelites would recite this psalm on their way to Jerusalem to visit the temple.

This psalm is a reminder of the promise David made to God, to build Him a dwelling place for the ark of the covenant. While this psalm ultimately praises God, it also praises David, saying that his crown will shine while his enemies are clothed in shame.

Although this psalm may appear as though it praises David more than God, it is helpful to remember that the enemies of Israel are also God’s enemies. It honors God to see His people with a righteous leader that fears Him! 

Psalm 132:13 - For the Lord has chosen Zion; he has desired it for his dwelling place:

PSALM 133

WHEN BROTHERS DWELL IN UNITY

This short psalm of David celebrates brothers who are close in spirit and dwell together. Throughout Scripture, there are many examples of brothers with tumultuous relationships, including Cain and Abel, Jacob and Esau, and Joseph with his eleven brothers. 

David also mentions Aaron in this psalm, referring to Aaron and Moses, two brothers who were able to dwell in unity.  

Psalm 133:1 - Behold, how good and pleasant it is when brothers dwell in unity!

PSALM 134

COME, BLESS THE LORD

This is the last of the Psalms of Ascent, psalms sung during the Israelites' travels to Jerusalem. This short psalm encourages the Israelites to follow the lead of the Levites who serve in the house of the Lord by blessing God and lifting their hands in praise. 

Psalm 134:2 - Lift up your hands to the holy place and bless the Lord!

PSALM 135

YOUR NAME, O LORD, ENDURES FOREVER

Striking down His enemies, God proves to be greater than all other gods or idols. God does as He pleases and those who are in awe of Him are blessed. God’s name is pleasant and praiseworthy! 

Psalm 135:13 - Your name, O Lord, endures forever, your renown, O Lord, throughout all ages.

PSALM 136

HIS STEADFAST LOVE ENDURES FOREVER

The main message of this psalm is repeated throughout, calling the Israelites to give thanks to the Lord for His goodness and steadfast love that endures forever. 

The Israelites recall God’s goodness and faithfulness to them, including their rescue from slavery in Egypt, parting the Red Sea, and being guided through the wilderness. God has been present throughout history, working in both the highs and the lows. 

Psalm 136:23 - It is he who remembered us in our low estate, for his steadfast love endures forever;

PSALM 137

HOW SHALL WE SING THE LORD’S SONG?

The Israelites recall how they were asked to sing songs of Jerusalem while they were in captivity. How could they sing songs praising God’s chosen land while exiled in a foreign land? The psalmist captures the pain and sorrow around the memory of losing the temple and Jerusalem to their nation’s enemies.

Psalm 137:1 - By the waters of Babylon, there we sat down and wept, when we remembered Zion.

PSALM 138

GIVE THANKS TO THE LORD

David gives thanks to God, praising Him above other false gods. David recalls how he has relied on God to strengthen his soul and preserve his life. In times of trouble, David trusts that God will fulfill His purposes. 

Psalm 138:8 - The Lord will fulfill his purpose for me; your steadfast love, O Lord, endures forever. Do not forsake the work of your hands.

PSALM 139

SEARCH ME, O GOD, AND KNOW MY HEART

God has searched and known David; He is familiar with all of his ways. David acknowledges that God's ways are more significant and higher than his own and that humanity cannot comprehend God’s tremendous capacity or knowledge. David desires to be filled with God’s righteousness and follow His ways. 

David comments on God’s omnipotence, knowing that he cannot outrun God’s presence. 

He also speaks to how God carefully created him and has known him since the womb. Because all of God’s creation is wonderful, David believes that he is fearfully and wonderfully made. 

Psalm 139:14 - I praise you, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made. Wonderful are your works; my soul knows it very well.

PSALM 140

DELIVER ME, O LORD, FROM EVIL MEN

David asks God to protect him from evil, violent men. While David is praying for protection, he reminds himself that God has previously protected him from Goliath and Saul’s multiple attempts to kill him. David refers to God protecting his head in battle, covering the most vulnerable and valuable part of his body. 

David asks God to deliver him from evil, which is the same language that Jesus uses when teaching His disciples to pray in Matthew 6:13.  

David praises God for His mercy, strength, and salvation. Trusting that the upright will dwell in God’s presence, David values nearness and intimacy with God. 

Psalm 140:7 - O Lord, my Lord, the strength of my salvation, you have covered my head in the day of battle.

PSALM 141

GIVE EAR TO MY VOICE 

David pleads with God to listen to his prayers, asking God to give an ear to his voice. 

Wanting to be cautious of his words, David asks God to place a guard over his mouth and keep watch over his lips. As a good steward of his time and influence, David asks God to protect his heart from evil and for him to not become busy with wicked deeds. 

David asks for righteous men who will rebuke him, describing it as oil for his head. David sees correction from righteous believers as an anointing and asks for accountability. 

Psalm 141:5 - Let a righteous man strike me—it is a kindness; let him rebuke me—it is oil for my head; let my head not refuse it. Yet my prayer is continually against their evil deeds.

PSALM 142

YOU ARE MY REFUGE 

David displays his closeness and comfortability with God by pouring out his complaints before Him. Although David is distressed, he trusts that God will deal bountifully with him. Although David is struggling, he believes God will continue to provide help and correction. 

Psalm 142:2 - I pour out my complaint before him; I tell my trouble before him.

PSALM 143

MY SOUL THIRSTS FOR YOU

David fervently cries out to God for mercy, asking God to hear his prayers. David knows that the enemy is pursuing his soul, making his spirit faint and his heart appalled. In response to evil, David calls out to God for righteousness, remembering all God has previously done. 

David wants to hear from God and be led by His spirit, allowing him to make the right choices. Even when his adversaries are attacking him, David trusts in God’s deliverance. 

Psalm 143:5 - I remember the days of old; I meditate on all that you have done; I ponder the work of your hands.

PSALM 144

MY ROCK AND MY FORTRESS

David praises God, attributing God for his battle training. All of David’s victories have been due to God’s power and kindness. He asks for blessing over his family and his people, knowing that God’s people are greatly blessed.  

David is in awe of God’s kindness towards mankind and His regard for humanity and calls out to God for continued rescue and deliverance. Playing the harp and singing of God’s goodness, David offers up a new song of praise. 

Psalm 144:3 - O Lord, what is man that you regard him, or the son of man that you think of him?

PSALM 145

GREAT IS THE LORD

David praises God’s greatness, honoring Him as God and King forever. David promises to praise God daily and meditate on God’s extraordinary acts and unfathomable character. David is reminded that God is gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love. 

Because God is righteous and cares about His creation, He fulfills the desires of those who fear Him. The Lord will preserve all who love Him, but the wicked will be destroyed. 

Psalm 145:9 - The Lord is good to all, and his mercy is over all that he has made.

PSALM 146

PUT NOT YOUR TRUST IN PRINCES

This anonymous psalm praises God and rejoices in His good works, specifically setting prisoners free and opening the eyes of the blind. God cares deeply for the widows and the fatherless but brings the ways of the wicked to ruin. God will lift those who are bowed down, showing His value of humility. This psalm highlights the fleeting nature of man’s plans and emphasizes that hope is best placed in God. 

Psalm 146:4 - When his breath departs, he returns to the earth; on that very day his plans perish.

PSALM 147

HE HEALS THE BROKENHEARTED

The psalmist writes that God is near to the brokenhearted and binds up their wounds. God determines the number of stars in the sky, and His understanding is beyond measure. 

God is the Creator of the entire universe but cares personally and deeply about His creation. God calls each of the stars by name—how much more must He care about humanity? God takes pleasure in those who delight in Him, putting their hope in His steadfast love. 

Psalm 147:4 - He determines the number of the stars; he gives to all of them their names.

PSALM 148

PRAISE THE NAME OF THE LORD

This psalm challenges all of creation to praise the Lord, from the trees of the forest to the creatures of the sea. God’s majesty is above all of heaven and earth, and all creation will exalt Him! 

Psalm 148:13 - Let them praise the name of the Lord, for his name alone is exalted; his majesty is above earth and heaven.

PSALM 149

SING TO THE LORD A NEW SONG

The psalmist praises God, singing a new song to the Lord and praising Him with music and dancing. God takes pleasure in His people and brings salvation to the humble. 

Psalm 149:2 - Let Israel be glad in his Maker; let the children of Zion rejoice in their King!

PSALM 150

LET EVERYTHING PRAISE THE LORD

This psalm calls for everything with breath to praise the Lord! This is not a quiet endeavor, the psalmist includes lute, tambourine, harp, and loud clashing cymbals in their pursuit of praising God according to His greatness! 

Psalm 150:6 - Let everything that has breath praise the Lord! Praise the Lord!